Solvent extraction of gold by LIX 79: experimental equilibrium study

Sastre, Ana Marı́a; Madi, Abdelhay; Cortina, José Luis; Alguacil, Francisco José

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(199904)74:4<310::aid-jctb33>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[6][7][8][9] A number of extraction systems have been studied to meet gold-extraction requirements, including organophosphorus derivatives, guanidine derivations, and mixture of amines-organophosphorous derivatives. [10][11][12][13] For example, the LIX-79 extractant allowed gold extraction from alkaline cyanide media. The aurocyanide complex is extracted preferentially over the metal-cyano complexes at alkaline pH values.…”

Section: Cyanide Leachingmentioning

confidence: 65%

The aqueous recovery of gold from electronic scrap

Kulandaisamy

Rethinaraj

Adaikkalam

et al. 2003

JOM

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Section: Cyanide Leachingmentioning

confidence: 65%

The aqueous recovery of gold from electronic scrap

Kulandaisamy

Rethinaraj

Adaikkalam

et al. 2003

JOM

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“…Also, TOA had been replaced by a guanidine derivative LIX 79 extractant, which originally was developed to extract gold(I) cyanide [58] , whereas boric acid substitutes for nitric acid as strippant [59 and 60] .…”

Section: Trends In Caesium Solvent Extraction-case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in metals extraction

Regel‐Rosocka¹

2013

REVMETAL

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After near 70 years of practical usage, solvent extraction is a perfectly mastered technique of separation, widely used on an industrial scale for the separation of metals mainly from raw materials. However, currently, in the era of depleting natural resources and increasingly less accessible deposits, environmental restrictions, etc., an increasing interest, both from social and economical constrains, is being directed at the extraction of metals from the secondary sources (such as batteries, electronic scrap). In many cases, solvent extraction, due to its operational characteristics, can be considered as the Best Available Technology for the purpose of separating multielemental metal solutions. This paper provides a brief overview of past achievements and present scenario of solvent extraction investigations and developments, describing some recently commissioned solvent extraction plants, whereas the Skorpion Zinc plant (Namibia) for zinc extraction from raw materials and caesium removal from radioactive High Level Wastes (HLWs) are told over in detail as case studies. The paper also presents some proposals for the use of liquid-liquid extraction to separate metal ions from secondary sources (e.g. cobalt from industrial waste streams). The review highlights the emerging use of ionic liquids as new extractants for metals, providing an insight into this exciting research field. Despite its detractors, solvent extraction has entered in force into XXI century as a leading separation technology for metals. KeywordsLiquid-liquid extraction; Metals; Extractants; Ionic liquids; Caesium. Tendencias recientes en la extracción de metales ResumenDespués de casi 70 años de uso práctico, la extracción líquido-líquido o extracción con disolventes es una técnica de separación muy evolucionada, utilizándose a escala industrial en el beneficio de metales obtenidos de diversas materias primas. Sin embargo, con el agotamiento de los recursos naturales y el aumento de depósitos minerales de más difícil acceso, restricciones medio ambientales, etc., ha aumentado el interés, tanto desde el punto de vista económico como social, en la recuperación de los metales contenidos en materiales secundarios (baterías, chatarras electrónicas). En muchos casos, la extracción líquido-líquido y debido a sus características operacionales, se considera como la mejor tecnología disponible respecto a la separación de disoluciones metálicas multielementales. Este trabajo considera algunos de estos anteriores estudios y presenta la situación actual de la tecnología en cuanto a investigaciones y desarrollos, describiendo algunas de las más recientes plantas industriales en funcionamiento, detallando la planta Skorpion (Namibia) para la obtención de zinc, así como investigaciones encaminadas a la eliminación de cesio de efluentes radioactivos. También se presentan algunas de las propuestas encaminadas a la separación-recuperación de metales de materiales secundarios (por ejemplo, cobalto). Por último, se describe el uso emergente de los iones líq...

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“…From this table it can be seen that the addition of Cyanex 921 to the amine solution allowed the selective extraction of gold (I) cyanide from aqueous solutions (difference in the pH 1/2 value greater that one unit), and in general the extractability order of the metal-cyano complexes by the amine Amberlite LA2-Cyanex 921 extraction system follows the series: M(CN) 6 3 -<M(CN) 4 2-<M(CN) 2 -. Those metals which form complexes of lower coordination number will be extracted favourably over those with higher coordination number; this order is the same as obtained for cyanide complexes with other amine/Lewis Bases or other reagents [11][12][13]. Experimental data were treated numerically using the program LETAGROP-DISTR [14], in order to gain knowledge about the stoichiometry of the species involved in the extraction of gold (I) by the amine and the amine-Cyanex 921 mixture and to obtain the values of the equilibrium constants.…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-liquid extraction of Au(I) by Amberlite LA2 and its application to a polymer-immobilized liquid membrane system

Alonso

2005

Gold Bull

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The liquid-liquid extraction of Au(I) by Amberlite LA2 (secondary amine) in kerosene from cyanide media has been investigated. The analysis of metal distribution data suggested the formation of R 2 NH 2 + Au(CN) 2 -species in the organic phase with formation constant log K ext = 6.5 ± 0.03, whereas the use of mixtures of the amine with a solvation extractant (e.g. a phosphine oxide) shifted the gold-pH 1/2 extraction towards more alkaline values. The results obtained on Au(I) distribution have been implemented in a polymerimmobilized liquid membrane system, using NaOH solutions (e.g. 0.01 mol/L) to strip the metal from the organic phase.

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Solvent extraction of gold by LIX 79: experimental equilibrium study

Cited by 43 publications

References 10 publications

The aqueous recovery of gold from electronic scrap

The aqueous recovery of gold from electronic scrap

Recent trends in metals extraction

Liquid-liquid extraction of Au(I) by Amberlite LA2 and its application to a polymer-immobilized liquid membrane system

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