Solvent effects in the depolymerization of coal

Darlage, Larry J.; Bailey, Maurice E.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(76)90089-2

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The decrease in the volatile matter (THFI, Table ), as a function of extraction temperature (from 43 wt % to 31.7 wt % daf), occurs in the temperature range of 320–340 °C, precisely where the biggest increase in conversion is observed in Figure . Previous studies indicated that the conversion of coal under mild operating conditions during solvent extraction can be influenced by the nature of the solvent and depolymerization reactions. ,, The phenol-liquefied coal extraction yields in this study obtained between 300 °C and 360 °C correlate well with previously reported results for bituminous coal, which were reported to be in the range between 15% and 56%. ,,,,,, …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…14,23,42 The phenol-liquefied coal extraction yields in this study obtained between 300 °C and 360 °C correlate well with previously reported results for bituminous coal, which were reported to be in the range between 15% and 56%. 21,24,26,32,40,41,43 3.3. Effect of Temperature on Gas Yields during Solvent Extraction.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They observed phenol-soluble extracts of more than 60% of the coal, and this provided evidence for aromatic interchange reactions, involving cleavage of aliphatic-aromatic linkages and exchange of the aromatic structures with phenol. Darlage and Bailey studied the depolymerization reactions of coal in the presence of a catalyst in a variety of phenolic and nonphenolic solvents, using a high-volatile bituminous coal (Pond Creek seam, Kentucky).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectivity of Phenol during Solvent Extraction of a South African Bituminous Coal under Mild Conditions

et al. 2017

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Solvent extraction of a South African bituminous coal was carried out under mild conditions (<400 °C) with a holding time of 20 min and an initial nitrogen (N2) pressure of 6 MPa. Thermal degradation of coal with phenol results in the depolymerization of the coal, yielding coal-derived liquids and insoluble residues. The effectiveness of phenol for solvent extraction of coal within the temperature range of 300–360 °C was investigated, with a focus on the quality of the coal-derived liquids. It was found that an increase in temperature from 300 °C to 360 °C resulted in an increase in the conversion and yields of both oil and gas, and a reduction in the intermediate components (preasphaltenes + asphaltenes, PAAs). The conversion and extraction yields of hexane-soluble (HS) oils were 49.5% (daf) and 26.3% (daf), respectively (daf = dry ash-free), for thermal depolymerization reactions at 360 °C. It seems that the extraction process dissolves molecular fragments of the coal, because the infrared spectra of the coal and the extraction products are similar. The SimDis results of the coal-derived liquids (300–360 °C) indicated that the samples consisted of light vacuum gas oil (23–31 wt %), distillate fuel oil (16–30 wt %), heavy vacuum gas oil (18–34 wt %), and residual oil (3–16 wt %). These results show the potential of phenol as a solvent to extract South African bituminous coal at mild temperatures for value-added liquid fuels and add to the general knowledge of the potential utilization of the Permian-aged South African bituminous coals.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectivity of Phenol during Solvent Extraction of a South African Bituminous Coal under Mild Conditions

et al. 2017

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“…Fieldner and Ambrose 21 reported that compounds, such as cresol, diphenyl, or o-phenylphenol, could only dissolve 20-30 % of the coal. Larry and Bailey 28 observed extraction yields of 32 wt. % and 36 wt.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Extraction of a South African Bituminous Coal using a Model Biomass-derived Phenolic Mixture

Sehume¹,

Strydom²,

Bunt³

et al. 2019

S.Afr.j.chem.

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A model biomass-derived phenolic mixture was investigated for its solvent ability for extraction of a South African bituminous coal at temperatures of 300-360°C. A previous study showed that phenol gave the highest extraction yield of 49.5 wt. % (daf) for bituminous coal at 360°C, with an oil yield of 26.3 wt. % (daf). The phenolic products produced from sweet sorghum bagasse via an alkaline liquefaction process were identified and reported earlier and a model biomass-derived phenolic mixture was formulated, evaluated and results used in this study. The model mixture gave an extraction yield of 37.1 wt. % (daf) and oil yield of 16.9 wt. % (daf) at 360°C. This solvent mixture was found to be less effective for high extraction yields when compared to phenol at mild temperatures. This could be due to phenol being a better hydrogen carrier than the solvent mixture during the internal redistribution of hydrogen in the coal. The infrared spectroscopy results of the coal and extraction products obtained using the model mixtures showed similar functional groups. These results demonstrate that the use of a model biomass-derived phenolic mixture has the potential to depolymerize coal and produce high-value chemicals from coal.

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Comparative study of the chemical structure of the disk-like components in the quinoline insolubles

Mochida

Maeda

Takeshita

1978

Carbon

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Solvent effects in the depolymerization of coal

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Effectivity of Phenol during Solvent Extraction of a South African Bituminous Coal under Mild Conditions

Effectivity of Phenol during Solvent Extraction of a South African Bituminous Coal under Mild Conditions

Solvent Extraction of a South African Bituminous Coal using a Model Biomass-derived Phenolic Mixture

Comparative study of the chemical structure of the disk-like components in the quinoline insolubles

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