Solvent effect and device optimization of diketopyrrolopyrrole and carbazole copolymer based solar cells

Aich, R.; Zou, Yingping; Leclerc, Mario; Tao, Ye

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2010.03.004

Cited by 40 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…29 Field effect transistors (FETs) fabricated from DPP derivatives showed that decreasing the alkyl chain length from twelve to six carbons promoted molecular ordering while increasing FET hole mobility. 30 Efficient solar cells have be fabricated from DPPcontaining polymers [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and small molecules. 29,30,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] A DPP derivative incorporating benzofuran units exhibited long range order, near-infrared absorption, and solar cell efficiencies up to 4.8% (ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of structural variation on photovoltaic characteristics of phenyl substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles

Lin

Liu

Kim³

et al. 2014

RSC Adv.

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A comprehensive study has been performed on a series of solution processable phenyl substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles blended with [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM) in order to investigate how systematic chemical modifications such as solubilizing groups and conjugation length impact solar cell performance. We find that replacement of linear alkyl chains with bulky ethyl-hexyl groups or the removal of linear alkyl chains on the terminal thiophene units leads to micron scale phase segregation at high donor:acceptor blend ratios. It is found that the conjugation length can be used to simultaneously tune energy levels, solubility, and molecular ordering. We show that over-extending the conjugation length can reduce solubility making film fabrication difficult while decreasing the conjugation length past a critical limit can significantly enhance molecular ordering thereby inducing micron scale phase segregation in blend films. This work shows that a material's potential device performance can be limited by slight chemical modifications which prevent device optimization at high donor:acceptor blend ratios and elevated annealing temperatures where charge mobility is balanced and charge collection is enhanced in the donor and acceptor phase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of structural variation on photovoltaic characteristics of phenyl substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles

Lin

Liu

Kim³

et al. 2014

RSC Adv.

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“…The mobility is thus an indication of how fast charge carriers will flow in an OE material, and thus provides a second figure of merit to optimise the electrical performance in OE devices. There are a number of strategies which have shown pathways to improve this charge carrier transport by modulating the molecular packing of the OE materials through improved self-assembly on surfaces creating aligned crystalline grain directions [41,42], use of additives to direct a more favourable molecular alignment for aromatic overlap of molecular chains [43,44], or changing the local electrical potential of the molecular environment through the ink sol-vent polarity in order to influence the crystallinity and grain sizes of the electronic materials to achieve faster charge car-rier transport [25,45,46].…”

Section: 1key Materials Properties For Oe Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these polymer inks, three standard workhorse materials are heavily utilised in OEs. Polypyrrole (PPy) has been employed in solar cells, where the crystallinity of the ink was tuned by utilizing a block copolymer and solvent annealing approach to improve the packing of the polymer backbone in cast films and thus improve the mobility of the material [45]. Deliberate nanostructure has also been introduced to PPy inks through printing the material onto nanostructured 3D printed molecular scaffolds to enhance the carrier mobility [56,57].…”

Section: 2semiconducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating nanoscale structure to control functionality in printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices

et al. 2019

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Printed electronics is simultaneously one of the most intensely studied emerging research areas in science and technology and one of the fastest growing commercial markets in the world today. For the past decade the potential for organic electronic (OE) materials to revolutionize this printed electronics space has been widely promoted. Such conviction in the potential of these carbonbased semiconducting materials arises from their ability to be dissolved in solution, and thus the exciting possibility of simply printing a range of multifunctional devices onto flexible substrates at high speeds for very low cost using standard roll-to-roll printing techniques. However, the transition from promising laboratory innovations to large scale prototypes requires precise control of nanoscale material and device structure across large areas during printing fabrication. Maintaining this nanoscale material control during printing presents a significant new challenge that demands the coupling of OE materials and devices with clever nanoscience fabrication approaches that are adapted to the limited thermodynamic levers available. In this review we present an update on the strategies and capabilities that are required in order to manipulate the nanoscale structure of large area printed organic photovoltaic (OPV), transistor and bioelectronics devices in order to control their device functionality. This discussion covers a range of efforts to manipulate the electroactive ink materials and their nanostructured assembly into devices, and also device processing strategies to tune the nanoscale material properties and assembly routes through printing fabrication. The review finishes by highlighting progress in printed OE devices that provide a feedback loop between laboratory nanoscience innovations and their feasibility in adapting to large scale printing fabrication. The ability to control material properties on the nanoscale whilst simultaneously printing functional devices on the square metre scale is prompting innovative developments in the targeted nanoscience required for OPV, transistor and biofunctional devices.

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“…[1][2][3] Electron-deficient groups, such as rhodanine (RH), 4,5 1,3-indandione (IN), 6,7 and 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (CNIN) 8,9 have been widely used as acceptor units, together with fused-ring-based electron-rich groups, such as carbazole (Cz), 10,11 fluorene (Flu), 12,13 indacenodithiophene (IDT), 14,15 and indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT). Non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) composed of donor (D) and acceptor (A) units have been widely reported due to their high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceeding 14%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have several advantages, including their simple synthesis, strong and broad absorption in the UV–Vis region, and easily tunable energy levels . Electron‐deficient groups, such as rhodanine (RH), 1,3‐indandione (IN), and 1,1‐dicyanomethylene‐3‐indanone (CNIN) have been widely used as acceptor units, together with fused‐ring‐based electron‐rich groups, such as carbazole (Cz), fluorene (Flu), indacenodithiophene (IDT), and indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Fullerene Small Molecule Acceptors Containing Barbituric Acid End Groups for Use in High‐performance OPVs

Choe

Lee

Lim

2018

Bulletin Korean Chem Soc

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We synthesized two new bithiophene-based small molecules, TT-BBAR, and TT-OBAR, having butyland octyl-substituted barbituric acid (BAR) groups, respectively, via a well-known synthetic method, the Knoevenagel condensation, in high yield. These small molecules displayed solubilities and thermal stabilities sufficient for the fabricating organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and were designed to have relatively low molecular orbital energy levels and act as non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) for use in OPVs upon introduction of electron-withdrawing BAR groups at both ends. For example, the LUMO and HOMO energy levels of TT-OBAR were −3.79 and of −5.84 eV, respectively, clearly lower than those of a polymer donor, PTB7-Th. Importantly, the small molecules featured an energy offset with PTB7-Th sufficient for achieving exciton dissociation. The optical and electrochemical properties of TT-BBAR and TT-OBAR did not depend on the alkyl chain length. Finally, OPV devices were fabricated in an inverted structure using a solvent process. The power conversion efficiency of TT-OBAR (1.34%) was found to be slightly higher than that of TT-BBAR (1.16%). The better performance and higher short-circuit current value of TT-OBAR could be explained based on a morphological AFM study, in which TT-OBAR displayed a more homogeneous morphology with a root-mean-square value of 1.18 nm compared to the morphology of TT-BBAR (11.7 nm) induced by increased alkyl chain length.

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Solvent effect and device optimization of diketopyrrolopyrrole and carbazole copolymer based solar cells

Cited by 40 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of structural variation on photovoltaic characteristics of phenyl substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles

Effect of structural variation on photovoltaic characteristics of phenyl substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles

Manipulating nanoscale structure to control functionality in printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices

Non‐Fullerene Small Molecule Acceptors Containing Barbituric Acid End Groups for Use in High‐performance OPVs

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