Solvent dependent swelling behaviour of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-itaconic acid) gels and determination of solubility parameters

Abstract

Swelling behaviour of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVC) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-itaconic acid) (P(VC-co-IA)) gels was investigated in different solvents (water, ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), chloroform, toluene, acetone) and in binary solvent mixtures (ethanol/chloroform, ethanol/methanol, IPA/chloroform, ethanol/water, IPA/water). Gels were synthesised in ethanol by the free radical cross-linking polymerisation method at 60°C for 24 h in the presence of azobis( isobutyronitrile) and allyl methacrylate as the initiator and cross-linker, respectively. And also, ethanol/distilled water mixture (φ

Application of the solubility parameter concept to assist with oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs – a PEARRL review

“…measured the weight of a polymer before and after addition of different solvent systems with known solubility parameters by gravimetry and then defined the solubility at the point where optimal swelling was observed. Furthermore, Çavuş et al . also investigated the swelling of PVC and found good correlations to the theoretical calculation of the solubility parameter based upon the van Krevelen–Hoftyzer and Hoy methods .…”

“…Besides the typical methods described in the section above, a number of other analytical techniques used to determine the solubility parameter have been reported. These include swelling, turbidity, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as differential scanning microcalorimetry (μDSC) …”

“…For example, Eroǧlu et al . and Çavuş et al . measured the weight of a polymer before and after addition of different solvent systems with known solubility parameters by gravimetry and then defined the solubility at the point where optimal swelling was observed.…”

“…Furthermore, Çavuş et al . also investigated the swelling of PVC and found good correlations to the theoretical calculation of the solubility parameter based upon the van Krevelen–Hoftyzer and Hoy methods . The simplicity of the method is highly attractive but the swelling must be of course detectable.…”

Computing solubility parameters of phosphorous flame retardants by molecular dynamics and correlating their interactions with poly(ethylene terephthalate)

“…To obtain solubility parameters, there are two major categories, experimental and computational. For the former, the heat of vaporization can be directly measured for certain components, and solubility parameter can also be indirectly estimated from turbidimetric titration, 25 viscometry, 26 swelling method, 27 solubility determination in the general organic solvents, 28 etc. For the latter, the simple and original method is the group contribution method, 29 which has been developed to predict various properties of substances.…”