“…29,30 The larger-than-300% volume change during the alloy-de-alloying reactions causes pulverization of Si particles, disintegration of the electrode, and excessive growth of the solid electrolyte interface, leading to capacity fading and structural safety concerns. 31,32 At present, the studies about battery safety are mainly focused on only cathodes or anodes, and many studies just concentrate on coin-type half-cells as the research object. [33][34][35] In practical application, whether a battery is safe is determined by whether a full cell can be safe under both normaluse conditions and abuse conditions, with the key factor affecting safety being the battery's state of charge (SOC).…”