Solution treatment of Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced by consolidating blended powder mixture using a powder compact extrusion route

Singh, Ajit Pal; Yang, Fei; Torrens, Rob; Gabbitas, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.11.098

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…e heat treatment occurred at above 900°C which resulted in the formation of lamellar beta phase and alpha structures which in turn contributed to the enhancement of mechanical properties. A similar observation was also reported by number of researchers [26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In 60 minutes' microstructural image, subgrains started to disappear but some areas showed finer grains, and this was due to the grain growth turning the subgrains in to new finer grains. With increase in heating period, fine equiaxed grains and dislocation densities are well characterised and huge amount of dislocations, shear bands, and subgrains appears (see Figure 4(d)) [25,31,32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Mpumlwana

Msomi

Fourie

2021

Journal of Engineering

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Titanium is seen as a good material for application in many fields due to its compatibility with different environments. However, it remains unclear whether what happens when this material is exposed to certain high temperatures for longer periods of time. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of heat on a 3 mm commercially pure titanium grade 2 plate at a constant temperature of 900°C at different heating times. Three different heating times were employed in this study: 30 minutes for the first period, 60 minutes for the second period, and 90 minutes for the third period. All heated samples were air cooled to room temperature after each heating period. Microhardness, microstructure, tensile strength, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were performed. All the results were analyzed and compared with the parent sample. It was observed that the heating period influenced microstructural arrangement of the material. The microstructural changes affected negatively the ultimate tensile strength while percentage elongation was improved. The microhardness of the heat treated samples were firstly negatively affected which later jumped and exceeded that of the parent material.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Mpumlwana

Msomi

Fourie

2021

Journal of Engineering

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“…Lagui, on the other hand, observed an increase in porosity just above 1% for only energy densities below 50 J/mm 3 and above 300 J/mm 3 . Completely different characteristics were presented by Dilip et al [47]. They showed that the optimal range of energy density was between 50 and 66 J/mm 3 (porosity below 0.5%), for energy densities around 40 J/mm 3 , the porosity increased to about 5%, while at higher energy densities between 90 and 130 J/mm 3 , the porosity was about 10%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Laser Energy Density, Internal Porosity and Heat Treatment on Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Ti6Al4V Alloy Obtained with DMLS Technology

Mierzejewska

2019

Materials

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The purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of selected parameters of Direct Metal Laser Sintering and various heat treatment temperatures on the mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V samples oriented vertically (V, ZX) and horizontally (H, XZ). The performed micro-CT scans of as-build samples revealed that the change in laser energy density significantly influences the change in porosity of the material, which the parameters (130–210 W; 300–1300 mm/s), from 9.31% (130 W, 1300 mm/s) to 0.16% (190 W, 500 mm/s) are given. The mechanical properties, ultimate tensile strength (UTS, Rm) and yield strength (YS, Re) of the DMLS as-build samples, were higher than the ASTM F 1472 standard suggestion (UTS = 1100.13 ± 126.17 MPa, YS = 1065.46 ± 127.91 MPa), and simultaneously, the elongation at break was lower than required for biomedical implants (A = 4.23 ± 1.24%). The low ductility and high UTS were caused by a specific microstructure made of α’ martensite and columnar prior β grains. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that heat treatment at 850 °C for 2 h caused the change of the microstructure intothe α + β combination, affecting the change of strength parameters—a reduction of UTS and YS with the simultaneous increase in elongation (A). Thus, properties similar to those indicated by the standard were obtained (UTS = 908.63 ± 119.49 MPa, YS = 795.9 ± 159.32 MPa, A = 8.72 ± 2.51%), while the porosity remained almost unchanged. Moreover, the heat treatment at 850 °C resulted in the disappearance of anisotropic material properties caused by the layered structure (UTSZX = 908.36 ± 122.79 MPa, UTSXZ = 908.97 ± 118.198 MPa, YSZX = 807.83 ± 124.05 MPa, YSXZ = 810.56 ± 124.05 MPa, AZX = 8.75 ± 2.65%, and AXZ = 8.68 ± 2.41%).

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“…Much finer microstructure can be found in the PM alloy (Figure 1a showing an average grain size of 100 μm) than the IM alloy (Figure 1b, showing an average grain size of 1000 μm), and some residual pores can be identified in the microstructure of the PM alloy. A typical β grain matrix can be observed in, both, the PM and the IM alloy, and the IM alloy was composed of a large number of dispersed α phase, which was spread over a β matrix, while only a small amount of the agminated α precipitates could be seen in the PM alloy, mainly distributed along β grain boundaries [19,25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Cracking Behavior of Powder Metallurgy and Ingot Metallurgy Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Alloys during Hot Deformation

et al. 2019

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The hot workability of metallic materials is significantly dependent on its ability to form plastic without cracking and fracturing. In this work, the cracking behavior of powder metallurgy (PM) Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr (Ti-5553) alloy, consolidated from powder mixture, at a deformation temperature range of 600 °C–850 °C and strain rate of 0.1 s−1–10 s−1, was investigated through isothermal compression tests. The cracking behavior of the as-cast ingot metallurgy (IM) Ti-5553 alloy, at a deformation temperature of 700 °C was also investigated for comparison. Results suggested that the PM Ti-5553 alloy had a better hot workability, with a larger cracking-free processing window, and a lower deformation resistance than the IM counterpart. 45° shear fracture occurred in the PM alloy, compressed at the condition of 600 °C/10 s−1, and edge cracking was observed at the 700 °C/10 s−1. 45° shear fracture was also significant in the IM alloy specimen tested at 700 °C/10 s−1, and all the other IM alloy specimens compressed at 700 °C displayed longitudinal cracking. Moreover, the microscopic cracking observation showed that ductile dimple cracking can be found in the IM alloy, but brittle cleavage fracture was dominant in the cracking surface of PM alloy with a relatively low cracking ductility.

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Solution treatment of Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced by consolidating blended powder mixture using a powder compact extrusion route

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a 3 mm Commercially Pure Titanium Plate (CP-Ti Grade 2)

Effect of Laser Energy Density, Internal Porosity and Heat Treatment on Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Ti6Al4V Alloy Obtained with DMLS Technology

Comparison of the Cracking Behavior of Powder Metallurgy and Ingot Metallurgy Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Alloys during Hot Deformation

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