Solution Techniques for Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems

Wideband parameter estimation of three-phase untransposed frequency-dependent transmission lines from terminal measurements

“…The frequency range for all cases is 10 Hz to 15 kHz. Although not obvious in some cases due to overlapping of curves, each plot shows 3 analytical and 3 estimated curves: (1,1), (2,2), (3,3) for self elements and (1,2), (1,3) and (2,3) for mutual elements. Besides conductors' disposition, most data remain unchanged between cases, as given by Table I, except for the conductors' radii, which are given by 0.0272 m for horizontal and triangular configuration, and by 0.0121 m for vertical configuration.…”

“…frequency range. These can be classified in time domain [3] and frequency domain [4] approaches. Time domain methods have been preferred due to their compatibility with wellknown EMTP-type software [5].…”

Initialization of Modular Multilevel Converter Models for the Simulation of Electromagnetic Transients

“…Steady-state initialization of time-domain models of various equipment is essential in EMT type simulations. Depending on the simulated system, lack of steady-state initialization may cause inaccurate simulation results and/or significant increase in computing times due to the duration of initialization transients [12]. As demonstrated in this paper, even lack of only MMC initialization in a realistic AC system results in large initialization transients.…”

“…In all performed tests under various conditions sufficient precision has been obtained in no more than five iterations. (10) update V Ctot1 (9) update S 1 (11) update V Ctot0 (12) update S 2 (13)…”