Solution processable neutral state colourless electrochromic devices: effect of the layer thickness on the electrochromic performance

Tahtali, Gurhan; Has, Zeynep; Doyranlı, Ceylan; Varlıklı, Canan; Koyuncu, Sermet

doi:10.1039/c6tc04112d

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Electrochromic (EC) systems, which have been employed typically in smart windows and displays, utilize user-controllable optical properties induced by reversible redox reactions upon application of electrical bias. − The development of nonvolatile, highly conductive, mechanically deformable polymeric gel electrolytes, referred to as ion gels, offers an opportunity to find expanded application areas. − In addition, the functionalization of ion gels to include electrochromism can be easily achieved by incorporating EC molecules. , For example, highly functional EC systems that visually indicate real-time status have been proposed in energy storage devices, such as EC supercapacitors (ECSs) , and batteries, , and electronic skin sensing external pressure or strain …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Low Power Electrochromic Heat Shutters Through Tailoring Diffusion-Controlled Behaviors

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In this study, we propose low power consumption, all-in-one type electrochromic devices (ECDs) for effective heat shutters. Considering diffusion-controlled device operation, polymeric viologens (poly-viologens) are synthesized to lower the diffusivity of EC chromophores and to minimize self-bleaching. In comparison with devices based on mono-viologens corresponding to the monomer of poly-viologens, poly-viologen-containing ECDs exhibit advantages of lower coloration voltage (ca, −0.55 V) and higher coloration/bleaching cyclic stability (>1500 cycles). In particular, poly-viologen ECDs show remarkably reduced self-bleaching as designed, resulting in extremely low power consumption (∼8.3 μW/cm2) to maintain the colored state. Moreover, we successfully demonstrate solar heat shutters that suppress the increment of indoor temperature by taking the advantage of low-power operation and near-IR absorption of the colored poly-viologen-based ECDs. Overall, these results imply that the control of the diffusivity of EC chromophores is an effective methodology for achieving single-layered, low-power electrochemical heat shutters that can save indoor cooling energy when applied as smart windows for buildings or vehicles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Low Power Electrochromic Heat Shutters Through Tailoring Diffusion-Controlled Behaviors

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Some of the most frequently reported gel electrolytes are based on polymer-salt-solvent systems [ 23 ], comprising lithium salts and a polymeric matrix to achieve more solid-like mechanical properties (e.g., PMMA [ 23 , 24 , 26 , 31 , 67 ], PVC [ 23 , 33 , 34 ], PEO [ 23 , 32 , 38 , 43 ] and PAN, [ 68 ]), dispersed in a conventional solvent (e.g., propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone), exhibiting ionic conductivities up to 4.8 × 10 −3 s cm −1 after the required gelation time (between 3 days [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 43 ] and 5 days [ 23 ]). Among them, PMMA-based electrolytes have gained special importance in ECDs due to their high transparency, good solubility [ 69 ], and good ionic conductivity, ascribed to their flexible backbone and amorphous structure, and are still being used [ 70 , 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Gel and Semisolid Electrolytes In Ecdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-in-One Gel-Based Electrochromic Devices: Strengths and Recent Developments

et al. 2018

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Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have aroused great interest because of their potential applicability in displays and smart systems, including windows, rearview mirrors, and helmet visors. In the last decades, different device structures and materials have been proposed to meet the requirements of commercial applications to boost market entry. To this end, employing simple device architectures and achieving a competitive electrolyte are crucial to accomplish easily implementable, high-performance ECDs. The present review outlines devices comprising gel electrolytes as a single electroactive layer (“all-in-one”) ECD architecture, highlighting some advantages and opportunities they offer over other electrochromic systems. In this context, gel electrolytes not only overcome the drawbacks of liquid and solid electrolytes, such as liquid’s low chemical stability and risk of leaking and soil’s slow switching and lack of transparency, but also exhibit further strengths. These include easier processability, suitability for flexible substrates, and improved stabilization of the chemical species involved in redox processes, leading to better cyclability and opening wide possibilities to extend the electrochromic color palette, as discussed herein. Finally, conclusions and outlook are provided.

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“…In particular, deformable transparent displays offer a new paradigm for next-generation devices. Electrochromic displays (ECDs), which change their colors reversibly through redox reactions of chromophores, are considered a promising electrochemical platform for transparent displays. − The remarkable features of ECDs include their simple device structure, large transmittance contrast, low-voltage operation, ultralow power consumption to maintain colored states, and solution processability for printing patterns or large-area coatings. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User-Customized, Multicolor, Transparent Electrochemical Displays Based on Oxidatively Tuned Electrochromic Ion Gels

Kyeong

Kim

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Transparent displays have emerged as a class of cutting-edge electronics. Here, we propose user-customized, design-it-yourself (DIY) transparent displays based on electrochromic (EC) ion gels including viologens. To achieve multiple colors and enhance the functionality of EC displays (ECDs), the incorporation of several EC chromophores is inevitable. However, the issue related to the discrepancy of coloration voltages is inherent due to the different electrochemical characteristics of each material, causing unbalance of the color contrast. To overcome this problem without significantly affecting the performance of ECDs, we suggest a simple but effective strategy by adjusting the oxidation activity of electrolyte-soluble anodic species (i.e., ferrocene (Fc) derivatives) by modifying pendant groups. We systematically investigated the effects of the employed Fc derivatives on the EC behaviors of ECDs in terms of the coloration voltage, maximum transmittance contrast, device dynamics, coloration efficiency, and operational stability. We determine the conditions for implementing red-green-blue (RGB) colors with comparable intensities at similar voltages. Last, we draw images using RGB EC inks for conceptual demonstration of the DIY transparent displays. The fabricated ECDs exhibit transparent bleached states and user-customized images in the colored states. Overall, this result implies that the extremely simple DIY ECDs, which do not require conventional lithography or printing, have great potential as future transparent displays that can be easily customized.

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Solution processable neutral state colourless electrochromic devices: effect of the layer thickness on the electrochromic performance

Abstract: In this study, a neutral state colourless electrochromic device fabricated through a solution process is introduced.

Cited by 23 publications

References 38 publications

Ultra-Low Power Electrochromic Heat Shutters Through Tailoring Diffusion-Controlled Behaviors

Ultra-Low Power Electrochromic Heat Shutters Through Tailoring Diffusion-Controlled Behaviors

All-in-One Gel-Based Electrochromic Devices: Strengths and Recent Developments

User-Customized, Multicolor, Transparent Electrochemical Displays Based on Oxidatively Tuned Electrochromic Ion Gels

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