compounds were evaluated by the spontaneous locomotor activity test, showing that all of them had good calming activity; compound 2f was found to have the greatest.Keywords: helicid, guanidine hydrochloride, pyrimidine, calming activity.Helicid (4-formylphenyl-E-D-allopyranoside, C 13 H 16 O 7 ) is a pure natural compound extracted from the fruit of Helicia nilagirica Beed, which has been successfully used in the treatment of patients with insomnia in China. It has good biological activities, such as calming and sleep-inducing activity for the treatment of neurasthenia and neurasthenia syndrome caused by headache, poisoning, or rheumatism [1-3]. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as slow action and low biological utilization. Therefore, in order to obtain helicid analogues with better therapeutic effect and low side effect, we try our best to search for a ''superhelicid''.Our attention was focused on the restructuring of the formyl group of aromatic ring of 4-formylphenyl-E-Dallopyranoside. 1-Substituted N-methyl-series derivatives [4,5], benzimidazole derivatives [6,7], and oxadiazoline and isoxazole derivatives [8,9] were obtained by the Mannich reaction, condensation reaction, and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, respectively. Because pyrimidines have the basic nucleus in nucleic acids and have been associated with a number of biological activities [10][11][12], the pyrimidine ring was introduced into the structure of helicid in order to further improve the biological activities of helicid.Styryl-acetophenone, guanidine hydrochloride, and KOH can be directly generate the pyrimidine ring [13,14]. In this paper, the extension of the formyl conjugate carbon chain was performed by the Shmidt-Claisen reaction to get D,E-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives 1a-1h. Because helicid is similar to the acetal structure, which is more stable in the base solution than in the acid solution [15], guanidine hydrochloride was neutrallized with KOH solution, and then pyrimidine derivatives 2a-2h were obtained through 1,4-Michael reaction. a: R 1 = R 2 = H; b: R 1 = CH 3 , R 2 = H; c: R 1 = CH 2 CH 3 , R 2 = H; d: R 1 = OCH 3 , R 2 = H e: R 1 = F, R 2 = H; f: R 1 = Cl, R 2 = H; g: R 1 = Br, R 2 = H; h: R 1 = H, R 2 = Cl 1a -h