Solution blow spinning of PLLA/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Composite poly-L-lactide acid-based scaffolds with hydroxyapatite (HAp) content up to 75 wt.% were fabricated via solution blow spinning. The influence of HAp concentration on structure, wettability, mechanical properties and chemical and phase composition of the produced materials was examined. It was found that with an increase of HAp content the average fiber diameter was increased, the uniaxial strength and relative elongation were reduced, while the phase composition and surface wettability did not change. The performance of the scaffolds during implantation in the parietal bone of a rat skull for a period from 15 to 90 days was studied. The materials have shown high ability to integrate with both soft and hard tissues. It was found that scaffolds with 25 wt.% HAp content significantly enhance osteogenesis during scarification (damage) of the periosteum. Overall, the fabricated scaffolds proved to be highly efficient for replacing bone defects in long tubular bones.

Three‐phase bio‐nanocomposite natural‐rubber‐based microfibers reinforced with cellulose nanowhiskers and 45S5 bioglass obtained by solution blow spinning

“…The authors of Reference [65] found that adding hydroxyapatite (HAp) to Composite poly‐ l ‐lactide acid (PLLA)‐based scaffolds reduced its thermal stability. It was reported that particles of HAp powder in composite scaffolds based on PLLA obtained using the SBS method stimulated thermal destruction of the polymer matrix 65 …”

“…84 In Figure 5b, one can observe that with the incorporation of nanofibers into the NR matrix, the most intense degradation peaks shift to higher temperatures. The authors of Reference [65] found that adding hydroxyapatite (HAp) to Composite poly-Llactide acid (PLLA)-based scaffolds reduced its thermal stability. It was reported that particles of HAp powder in composite scaffolds based on PLLA obtained using the SBS method stimulated thermal destruction of the polymer matrix.…”

“…61,62 Fibrous mat-based biocomposite scaffolds have been investigated for biomedical applications, such as bone tissue engineering, because they can act as appropriate structures for cells to attach, proliferate, differentiate, and grow new bone tissue. 63,64 Popkov et al 65 used the SBS technique to obtain poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)/hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite scaffolds for applications in bone tissue engineering. According to their study, the new materials demonstrated an elevated ability to integrate with both soft and hard tissues and proved to be highly effective in replacing bone defects in long tubular bones.…”

Shear and elongational rheometry for determination of spinnability window of polymer solutions in solution blow spinning

“…Scalable methods for fabricating such materials include but are not limited to electrospinning and solution blow spinning (SBS) 2 . The unique properties of nano‐ and submicron fibrous materials, like the high specific surface area, high porosity, good mechanical properties, and structural characteristics associated with their size, make them candidates as building materials for various products, including smart materials, through energy and catalysis applications, materials for environmental protection to biomedical applications 3–13 …”

“…2 The unique properties of nano-and submicron fibrous materials, like the high specific surface area, high porosity, good mechanical properties, and structural characteristics associated with their size, make them candidates as building materials for various products, including smart materials, through energy and catalysis applications, materials for environmental protection to biomedical applications. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The spinning of polymer solutions to the fibrous materials requires an interplay between specific solution properties and processing parameters regardless of the applied technique. 14 Determining the values of the processing parameters and the determination of polymer solution properties remains a significant challenge, especially in new processes like the SBS.…”