Solution behaviour of hydrolysed polyacrylamides in 0,12 <scp>M</scp> NaCl

“…Average monomer molecular weights reported in this paper have been estimated by assuming complete counterion retention by up to one half of the total monomer units, and no more. 79,80 (e.g. For a polymer with 30 % of its monomer units bearing a charge, all counterions would be included in the molecular weight.…”

Section: Polyelectrolyte Solution Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

For Stimul-Responsive Polymers With Enhanced Efficiency in Reservoir Recovery Processes

McCormick

Hester²

2004

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This report contains a series of terpolymers containing acrylic acid, methacrylamide and a twin-tailed hydrophobic monomer that were synthesized using micellar polymerization methods. These polymer systems were characterized using light scattering, viscometry, and fluorescence methods. Viscosity studies indicate that increasing the nonpolar character of the hydrophobic monomer (longer chain length or twin tailed vs. single tailed) results in enhanced viscosity in aqueous solutions. The interactions of these polymers with surfactants were investigated. These surfactants include sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Triton X-100. Viscosity measurements of DiC 6 AM and DiC 8 AM mixtures indicate little interaction with SDS, gelation with CTAB, and hemimicelle formation followed by polymer hydrophobe solubilization with Triton X-100. The DiC 10 Am terpolymer shows similar interaction behavior with CTAB and Triton X-100. However, the enhanced hydrophobic nature of the DiC 10 polymer allows complex formation with SDS as confirmed by surface tensiometry. Fluorescence measurements performed on a dansyl labeled DiC 10 Am terpolymer in the presence of increasing amounts of each of the surfactant indicate relative interaction strengths to be CTAB>Triton X-100>SDS.A modified model based on Yamakawa-Fujii and Odjik-Skolnick-Fixman theories was found to describe the contribution of electrostatic forces to the excluded volume of a polyelectrolyte in solution. The model was found to be valid for flexible polymer coils in aqueous salt solutions where intermolecular interactions are minimal. The model suggested that a dimensionless group of parameters termed the dimensionless viscosity should be proportional to the dimensionless ratio of solution screening length to polyion charge spacing. Several sets of experimental data from the literature and from our laboratory have been analyzed according to the model and the results suggest that the two dimensionless groups are indeed related by a universal constant. This model has identified the parameters that are important to fluid mobility, thereby revealing methods to enhance solution performance when using polyions solutions as displacing fluids in oil reservoirs. 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARYTo date, our synthetic research efforts have been focused on the development of stimuli-responsive water-soluble polymers designed for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications. These model systems are structurally tailored for potential application as viscosifiers and/or mobility control agents for secondary and tertiary EOR methods. The goal of previous synthetic work has been to design novel polymers that exhibit large dilute solution viscosities in the presence of the adverse conditions normally encountered in oil reservoirs (such as high salt concentrations, the presence of multivalent ions, and elevated temperatures). The polymers are also designed to have "triggerable" properties that can be elicited by external stimuli, such as changes in pH and/or sal...

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“…Light scattering has long been used for MW characterization of PAMs. For several decades, academic and industrial researchers have used light scattering to study the solution behavior and viscosity‐molecular weight relationships of PAM and its derivatives . There are, however, very few published studies on the light scattering analysis of these polymers in the UHMW regions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For several decades, academic and industrial researchers have used light scattering to study the solution behavior and viscosity-molecular weight relationships of PAM and its derivatives. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] There are, however, very few published studies on the light scattering analysis of these polymers in the UHMW regions. [20][21][22] Currently, the MW of UHMW PAM is often estimated using intrinsic viscosity data and the Mark-Houwink equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular weight and the Mark‐Houwink relation for ultra‐high molecular weight charged polyacrylamide determined using automatic batch mode multi‐angle light scattering

Wang

Huang

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study presents an automatic batch mode (i.e., off‐line) multi‐angle light scattering (MALS) method for the molecular weight (MW) determination of ultra‐high MW (UHMW) polyacrylamide (PAM) homopolymer and acrylamide copolymers. This method combines a MALS detector with a sample dilution and injection device that automatically delivers a concentration gradient from a stock solution. The automation makes it practical to use the batch MALS method for routine MW analysis of UHMW polymers. The automatic batch MALS analyses of a series of poly(sodium acrylate‐co‐acrylamide) (30:70 mol %) in 1.0M NaCl show a non‐linear Mark‐Houwink relation in the MW range of 1.2 × 106 to 12.6 × 106 g mol−1. The entire molecular weight range can be fit with a quadratic relation or two linear equations, one for molecular weight up to 5.3 × 106 g mol−1 and the other from 5.3 × 106 to 12.6 × 106 g mol−1. The non‐linear Mark‐Houwink relation suggests that the extrapolation of the Mark‐Houwink equation beyond the measured MW range into the UHMW regions can significantly overestimate the MW of the UHMW polymers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43748.

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Solution behaviour of hydrolysed polyacrylamides in 0,12 M NaCl

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

For Stimul-Responsive Polymers with Enhanced Efficiency in Reservoir Recovery Processes

For Stimul-Responsive Polymers with Enhanced Efficiency in Reservoir Recovery Processes

For Stimul-Responsive Polymers With Enhanced Efficiency in Reservoir Recovery Processes

Molecular weight and the Mark‐Houwink relation for ultra‐high molecular weight charged polyacrylamide determined using automatic batch mode multi‐angle light scattering

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