Solute-Free Interfacial Zones in Polar Liquids

Chai, Binghua; Pollack, Gerald H.

doi:10.1021/jp100200y

Cited by 75 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is interesting to observe that water in living cells, where each water molecule is no more distant from some surface than some hundreds of Ås, assumes a glassy appearance [62], which plays an important role in biology. As Pagnotta and Bruni [63] Let us compare now the QED predictions on coherent water with the observed properties of EZ water [27][28][29][30][31]. The absence of solutes in fully coherent water (glassy state) could be easily understood by considering that in the coherent state, water molecules are tightly packed together as much as they can.…”

Section: Liquid Water Close To Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Pollack [27][28][29][30][31]. By using dyes dissolved in water as a probe, he was able to detect the existence of extended regions in the boundary between the liquid and the wall of the container, where the dyes were prevented from entering (exclusion zones, EZs), provided that the wall was an hydrophilic surface.…”

Section: Anomalous Phenomena In Liquid Water and Living Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near a surface, the interaction between molecules and walls introduces a new factor into the dynamics. Should the water-wall interaction be strongly attractive as in the case studied by the Pollack group [27][28][29][30][31], the disruptive role of thermal collisions gets neutralized and the whole interfacial water is allowed to stay coherent, mimicking the case of low temperature water (T ≤ 200 K) which is fully coherent as shown in reference [61]. In fact, a fully coherent water appears as a glass since it is impossible to touch a molecule without affecting all the others; viscosity consequently increases as observed experimentally.…”

Section: Liquid Water Close To Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Dynamics at the Root of Metamorphosis in Living Organisms

Giudice

Spinetti²,

Tedeschi³

2010

Water

128

116

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Liquid water has been recognized long ago to be the matrix of many processes, including life and also rock dynamics. Interactions among biomolecules occur very differently in a non-aqueous system and are unable to produce life. This ability to make living processes possible implies a very peculiar structure of liquid water. According to modern Quantum Field Theory (QFT), a complementary principle (in the sense of Niels Bohr) holds between the number N of field quanta (including the matter field whose quanta are just the atoms/molecules) and the phase Ф. This means that when we focus on the atomic structure of matter it loses its coherence properties and, vice versa, when we examine the phase dynamics of the system its atomic structure becomes undefined. Superfluid liquid Helium is the first example of this peculiar quantum dynamics. In the present paper we show how consideration of the phase dynamics of liquid water makes the understanding of its peculiar role in the onset of self-organization in living organisms and in ecosystems possible.

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Section: Liquid Water Close To Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Anomalous Phenomena In Liquid Water and Living Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Liquid Water Close To Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Dynamics at the Root of Metamorphosis in Living Organisms

Giudice

Spinetti²,

Tedeschi³

2010

Water

128

116

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“…This theory has been debated [5] and needs experimental testing. Although the EZ has been characterized by numerous experimental approaches [1,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], key features related to its thermodynamics and kinetics still need to be investigated. In the present work we measured the short-and long-time-scale kinetics of EZ formation in specially designed microfluidic devices that reduce unwanted local perturbation effects, estimated the magnitude of the exclusion force, and tested key predictions of the most plausible microscopic mechanisms of EZ formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusion-Zone Dynamics Explored with Microfluidics and Optical Tweezers

Huszár

Mártonfalvi

Laki

et al. 2014

Entropy

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Abstract:The exclusion zone (EZ) is a boundary region devoid of macromolecules and microscopic particles formed spontaneously in the vicinity of hydrophilic surfaces. The exact mechanisms behind this remarkable phenomenon are still not fully understood and are debated. We measured the short-and long-time-scale kinetics of EZ formation around a Nafion gel embedded in specially designed microfluidic devices. The time-dependent kinetics of EZ formation follow a power law with an exponent of 0.6 that is strikingly close to the value of 0.5 expected for a diffusion-driven process. By using optical tweezers we show that exclusion forces, which are estimated to fall in the sub-pN regime, persist within the fully-developed EZ, suggesting that EZ formation is not a quasi-static but rather an irreversible process. Accordingly, the EZ-forming capacity of the Nafion gel could be exhausted with time, on a scale of hours in the presence of 1 mM Na 2 HPO 4 . EZ formation may thus be a non-equilibrium thermodynamic cross-effect coupled to a diffusion-driven transport process. Such phenomena might be particularly important in the living cell by providing mechanical cues within the complex cytoplasmic environment. OPEN ACCESSEntropy 2014, 16 4323

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“…Subsequent research by Zheng et al demonstrated the exclusion zones (EZs) these forces generated could extend to 360 ± 50 µm [2]. Existing literature does not adequately explain how or why negatively-charged EZs form at all [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Although Pollack has offered what might be termed a trigonal "sp 2 bond-type offset hexagonal sheet model" as a possible explanation for EZ structures, as illustrated in Figure 1, this model is problematic in several regards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Case for Tetrahedral Oxy-subhydride (TOSH) Structures in the Exclusion Zones of Anchored Polar Solvents Including Water

Oehr¹,

LeMay²

2014

Entropy

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Abstract:We hypothesize a mechanistic model of how negatively-charged exclusion zones (EZs) are created. While the growth of EZs is known to be associated with the absorption of ambient photonic energy, the molecular dynamics giving rise to this process need greater elucidation. We believe they arise due to the formation of oxy-subhydride structures (OH − )(H2O)4 with a tetrahedral (sp 3 ) (OH − )(H2O)3 core. Five experimental data sets derived by previous researchers were assessed in this regard: (1) water-derived EZ light absorbance at specific infrared wavelengths, (2) EZ negative potential in water and ethanol, (3) maximum EZ light absorbance at 270 nm ultraviolet wavelength, (4) ability of dimethyl sulphoxide but not ether to form an EZ, and (5) transitory nature of melting ice derived EZs. The proposed tetrahedral oxy-subhydride structures (TOSH) appear to adequately account for all of the experimental evidence derived from water or other polar solvents.

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Solute-Free Interfacial Zones in Polar Liquids

Cited by 75 publications

References 17 publications

Water Dynamics at the Root of Metamorphosis in Living Organisms

Water Dynamics at the Root of Metamorphosis in Living Organisms

Exclusion-Zone Dynamics Explored with Microfluidics and Optical Tweezers

The Case for Tetrahedral Oxy-subhydride (TOSH) Structures in the Exclusion Zones of Anchored Polar Solvents Including Water

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