Solute Diffusion in Metals

Alfred, Lake; March, N. H.

doi:10.1103/physrev.103.877

Cited by 73 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Values of ␣ in Eq. [14] were calculated from Alfred and March [30] for negative values of Z 2 and from Umeda and Kobayashi [31] for positive values. In the calculation of ␣, the radius of the solvent atom was taken from Flinn and Trojan, [27] which was calculated from the nearest neighbor distance.…”

Section: Calculation Of Zero Point Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

A modified “Hole” theory for solute impurity diffusion in liquid metals

Cahoon

1997

Metall Mater Trans A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A modified ''hole'' theory for solute impurity diffusion in liquid metals is presented. The theory calculates an ''effective'' valence for the solute impurities by assuming that the bulk valences of the solvent and solute metals are those given by the Engel-Brewer theory (one for bcc structures, two for cph structures, and three for fcc structures). The effects of balancing the Fermi energy level of the solute with that of the solvent and differences in zero point energy are then considered in calculating the effective valence. The effective valence is then used to calculate a value of diffusional activation energy from a modified Lazarus-LeClaire approach. It is shown that the proposed theory works very well for solute impurity diffusion of a number of solutes in Al, Cu, Ga, Ag, Pb, and Sn, but the paucity of diffusion data is a hindrance to development of theoretical models.

show abstract

Section: Calculation Of Zero Point Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

A modified “Hole” theory for solute impurity diffusion in liquid metals

Cahoon

1997

Metall Mater Trans A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[4] using integer values of Z 2 . [4] were calculated from Alfred and March [21] for negative Z 2 and from Umeda and Kobayashi [22] for positive Z 2 . [4] were taken to be twice the radius of the solvent atom, [18] and the Engel-Brewer valence was used for the valence of the solvent, V 0 .…”

Section: E Calculation Of ⌬H 2 ϩ ⌬Ementioning

confidence: 99%

A theory for solute impurity diffusion, which considers engel-brewer valences, balancing the fermi energy levels of solvent and solute, and differences in zero point energy

Burachynsky

Cahoon

1997

Metall Mater Trans A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A theory that assumes the Engel-Brewer valence of elements (one for bcc structures, two for cph structures, and three for fcc structures) and considers the effects of balancing the solute and solvent Fermi energy levels and differences in zero point energy between solvent and solute atoms to calculate an ''effective'' relative valence for solute impurities is presented. The calculated values of relative valence and the experimental values of the differences in diffusional activation energy between solute and solvent atoms, ⌬Q, are compared to the values of ⌬H 2 ϩ ⌬E calculated from the Lazarus-LeClaire theory for several solute impurities in ten solvent metals. The calculated results agree very well with the experimental values for the large majority of solutes. The theory presented adequately describes solute impurity diffusion in both ␣-Fe and ␥-Fe, Al, Ni, and the noble metals. In particular, the low activation energies for impurity diffusion of the alkali metals (ground state valence of one) in Al (ground state valence of three) are accounted for by the theory. It is shown that the diffusion of the electronegative solute impurities (Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) in Al is not anomalous when the relative valence is calculated by the proposed theory. The diffusion of electronegative solute impurities in the noble metals, which has been problematic in the past, is also well described by the proposed theory. The proposed theory introduces a simple method of estimating the effective electron densities of solute impurities and illustrates that the Lazarus-LeClaire theory adequately describes solute impurity diffusion in the ten solvent metals studied. It is expected that more accurate calculations of effective electron density for solute impurities would result in even better agreement between experimental and calculated results.

show abstract

“…The value of H 0 , the critical field at absolute zero, is 51.8 gauss, in good agreement with the value 52.5 gauss obtained by an extrapolation of direct magnetic measurements. 8 At T /2 the critical field is about 5% less than that calculated from the parabolic temperature dependence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Tomizuka, Sonder, and Slifkin 5 " 7 have measured Q A , QB> £>OA, and D 0 Bior diffusion of Cd, In, Sn, and Sb in pure silver in a temperature range centered at approximately 1000°K. Binding energies, AEf, have been calculated by Alfred and March, 8 using an extension of Lazarus' screening theory. 9 The value of K = AE /AQ m is not known; however, it is reasonable to assume 0 ^ K ^ 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Correction to the Activation Energy for Diffusion in Crystalline Solids

Manning

1958

Phys. Rev. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solute Diffusion in Metals

Cited by 73 publications

References 6 publications

A modified “Hole” theory for solute impurity diffusion in liquid metals

A modified “Hole” theory for solute impurity diffusion in liquid metals

A theory for solute impurity diffusion, which considers engel-brewer valences, balancing the fermi energy levels of solvent and solute, and differences in zero point energy

Correlation Correction to the Activation Energy for Diffusion in Crystalline Solids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About