Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor associates with higher risk, advanced disease severity as well as inflammation, and might serve as a prognostic biomarker of severe acute pancreatitis

Abstract

Background This study aimed to explore the potential of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as a biomarker for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) risk prediction and disease management in SAP patients. Methods Totally 225 acute pancreatitis (AP) patients (including 75 SAP, 75 moderate‐severe acute pancreatitis [MSAP], and 75 mild acute pancreatitis [MAP] patients) were recruited based on the Atlanta classification, and their serum samples were obtained within 24 hours after admission. Meanwhile, 75 health controls (HCs) were recruited with their serum samples collected at the enrollment. The serum suPAR was then detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results The suPAR level was increased in SAP patients compared with MSAP patients (P = .023), MAP patients (P < .001), and HCs (P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve presented that suPAR could not only differentiate SAP patients from HCs (AUC: 0.920, 95%CI: 0.875‐0.965) but also differentiate SAP patients from MSAP (AUC: 0.684, 95%CI: 0.600‐0.769) and MAP patients (AUC: 0.855, 95%CI: 0.797‐0.912). In SAP patients, suPAR was positively correlated with Ranson score (P < .001), acute physiology and chronic healthcare evaluation II score (P = .001), sequential organ failure assessment score (P < .001), and C‐reaction protein (P = .002). Further ROC curve exhibited that suPAR (AUC: 0.806, 95%CI: 0.663‐0.949) was of good value in predicting increased inhospital mortality of SAP patients. Conclusion Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor is of good predictive value for SAP risk and may serve as a potential biomarker for disease severity, inflammation, and inhospital mortality in SAP patients.

Leukocyte cell population data from the blood cell analyzer as a predictive marker for severity of acute pancreatitis

“…The association between these indicators and severity of AP was reported to be controversial. Some studies proved that age increases with AP severity, 56 , 57 while other cohort studies reported no significant difference in age between non‐SAP and SAP, 58 , 59 , 60 which is also consistent with our current study and previous cohort study of 238 AP patients. 61 Furthermore, central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), hypertension (HT), and diabetes mellitus (DM), a set of comorbidities termed metabolic syndrome (MetS), 62 were also reported ambiguous correlation with SAP.…”

Circulating Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels Reflect Renal Function in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib-Based Induction

“…The expression of uPAR is up-regulated in activated immune cells, which in turn results in increased suPAR levels [ 18 ]. This has been reported consistently in studies showing that increased suPAR is associated with systemic inflammation and adverse prognosis in patients with infectious diseases [ 18 , 19 ]. Elevated suPAR levels are implicated in different disease settings associated with inflammation including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatic disease and cancer, whereas suPAR levels may even be predictable of mortality in the general population [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

COVID-19 and pneumonia: a role for the uPA/uPAR system

“…In addition, suPAR levels are stable in stored plasma and serum samples, and their quantification is reproducible in samples that have been stored for >5 years at -80 C despite exposure to multiple freeze-thaw cycles [38]. SuPAR has been proposed as a biomarker of immune system activation, and its use is being revised in a variety of diseases, as summarized in Table 1 [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53].…”