Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in acute respiratory infections

Abstract

Levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 are elevated in severe sepsis. However, it is not known whether sTREM-1 measurements can distinguish milder bacterial infections from noninfectious inflammation. The present authors studied whether serum sTREM-1 levels differ in community-acquired pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and controls, and whether sTREM-1 may be used as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics.Serum sTREM-1 levels in 150 patients with pneumonia, COPD and asthma exacerbations and 62 healthy controls were measured.Serum sTREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in pneumonia (median 295.2 ng?mL ). Levels were higher in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations than in type 2 and 3 COPD and asthma exacerbations. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for sTREM-1 as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics was 0.77.Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 were elevated predominantly in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations versus type 2 and 3 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, asthma and controls. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 has moderate but insufficient accuracy as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections.

TREM-1 ligand expression on platelets enhances neutrophil activation

“…[10][11][12] Among the critically ill patients analyzed in these studies, the determination of sTREM-1 proved to be a useful and highly sensitive parameter for accurate diagnosis. Further studies where sTREM-1 is detected in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 13 peptic ulcer disease, 14 or inflammatory bowel disease 15 confirm the involvement of TREM-1 also in noncritically ill patient collectives and suggest that the activation of TREM-1 plays a general role in the innate inflammatory response. 7 However, a deeper understanding of how TREM-1 influences inflammatory responses and sepsis requires the characterization of the natural ligand for TREM-1 and its expression pattern.…”

Metalloproteinases Shed TREM-1 Ectodomain from Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Human Monocytes

“…The clinical significance of TREM-1 has been confirmed in several studies in which sTREM-1 is detected in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20), peptic ulcer disease (21), or inflammatory bowel disease (22). The latter results underscore the involvement of TREM-1 also in noncritically ill patients and suggest that the receptor plays a general role in the innate inflammatory response (2).…”

Expression pattern of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in mice with Acinetobacter baumannii colonization and infection in the lung

“…However, increasing amount of studies has shown that serum sTREM-1 is also significantly elevated in noninfectious inflammatory diseases (25)(26)(27). Phua et al observed a significant elevation of serum sTREM-1 levels in patients with COPD and asthma exacerbations compared with control objects, although this elevation was greater in patients with A. baumannii associated pneumonia (28). In the present study, an elevation of sTREM-1 levels in serum was observed after A. baumannii infection, trending similarly to the increase of bacterial colonies.…”