Soluble ST2 and CXCL-10 may serve as biomarkers of subclinical diastolic dysfunction in SLE and correlate with disease activity and damage

Abstract

Objective Subclinical myocardial dysfunction has been reported to occur early in systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). The study aim was to search for biomarkers of subclinical myocardial dysfunction which may correlate with disease activity in SLE patients. Methods This is a prospective, controlled, cross-sectional study of 57 consecutive patients with SLE and 18 controls. Serum samples were obtained to determine serum soluble ST2 (sST2), CXCL-10 and high-sensitivity troponin (hs-troponin) levels. All participants underwent an echocardiographic tissue Doppler study. Results sST2, CXCL-10 and hs-troponin levels were higher in patients with higher SLE disease activity (SLEDAI). sST2 and CXCL-10 levels were higher in patients with more disease damage as measured by the SLE damage index. Measures of diastolic dysfunction, as assessed by echocardiographic tissue Doppler negatively correlated with log CXCL-10: including E/A; E/e′lateral and E/e′septal, while E/e′ positively correlated with CXCL-10. Diastolic dysfunction parameters also correlated with log sST2 levels, a negative correlation was seen with E/e′lateral and a positive correlation was seen with E/e′. Systolic dysfunction parameters positively correlated with hs-troponin: LVED, LVES, IVS, LVMASS and LVMASS index. In a multivariate analysis, sST2 and CXCL-10 were found to be significantly different in SLE vs. healthy controls, independent of each other and independent of cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions Soluble ST2 and CXCL-10 are markers of disease activity and accrued damage in SLE and may serve as sensitive biomarkers for detection of subclinical diastolic dysfunction, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Soluble ST2 is increased in systemic lupus erythematous and is a potential marker of lupus nephritis

“…In this study, we showed that the serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 were significantly higher in SLE patients than in controls. This is in accordance with previous publications reporting either elevated IL-33 levels (26,28,29) or sST2 levels (25,(29)(30)(31)(32) in SLE. In addition, our study confirmed previous findings about a positive, but weak, correlation existing between sST2 and SLEDAI (25,(29)(30)(31), although this correlation may be dependent on the origin of population included in the study (32).…”

Performance analysis of Luminex and ELISA to profile serum IP-10 as a biomarker in systemic lupus erythematosus

“…Studies demonstrate elevated serum IP-10 levels in SLE patients compared to healthy individuals, and its concentration is highest in patients with active disease. 1,13,14 In this study, we found higher serum IP-10 levels using Luminex in patients with active SLE than in their non-active counterparts. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between serum IP-10 levels and disease activity (ρ = 0.198), as found in studies systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed (pooled ρ = 0.29).…”

Serum Soluble ST2 Correlated with Symptom Severity and Clinical Response of Sublingual Immunotherapy for House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Patients

“…Zheng et al 32 observed that elevated ST2 activated the myeloid dendritic cells and promoted CD4+ T cells toward Th2 differentiation inducing the secretion of Th2type cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13) and eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyps. A recent study found that the serum levels of sST2 were increased in the patients with active SLE, and the elevated sST2 might induce the Th1 to Th2 shift of the immune reactions and aggravated the disease activity and tissue and organ damage [17,34]. However, in another study, the authors showed that the levels of sST2 negatively correlated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and they speculated that sST2 might exhibit a potential protective effect on the development of eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthmatic children [20].…”