Soluble Soybean Polysaccharide/Carrageenan Antibacterial Nanocomposite Films Containing Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Abstract

This study aimed to develop nanocomposite films based on a soluble soybean polysaccharide (SSPS), carrageenan (CG), and green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by a solution casting technique. AgNPs were obtained by reducing a silver−ammonia complex using a SSPS as both a stabilizing and reducing agent, which was confirmed by UV−vis spectroscopy, Xray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. CG was introduced into the SSPS/ AgNP matrix as a reinforcing component to strengthen the nanocomposite films. The results indicate that the addition of CG led to significantly enhanced mechanical properties, thermal stability, and water resistance of the films. The XRD and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results reveal strong interactions between AgNPs and polysaccharide chains. Compared with the SSPS/CG films without AgNPs, the SSPS/CG/AgNP nanocomposite films exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results suggest that the SSPS/CG/AgNP antibacterial nanocomposite films have great potential in food and pharmaceutical packaging applications.

Progress of Carrageenan‐Based Films and Coatings for Food Packaging Applications

“…This increase may be caused by the formation of a dehydration bridge between the two molecules during mixing, which reduces the hydrophilicity of the glycosidic bonds and enhances the gelation properties of the blends. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the film formed after evaporation of the solvent within the hydrogel are enhanced [114]. Starch is the most commonly used material in polymer blends due to its low cost and easy availability.…”

Biodegradable Polymers and Polymer Composites with Antibacterial Properties

“…Antibacterial activity can be imparted to carrageenans through various methods of their modification by incorporating nanoparticles, nanoclay, essential oils, or mixing with chitosan [ 1 ]. Silver nanoparticles are one of the most commonly used nanomaterials due to their strong antibacterial properties [ 154 ]. Recent studies describe the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial activity of AgNPs, including attachment of AgNPs to the bacterial membrane, damage to intracellular biomolecules and structures, and oxidative stress induced by AgNPs and silver ions [ 154 , 155 ].…”

“…Silver nanoparticles are one of the most commonly used nanomaterials due to their strong antibacterial properties [ 154 ]. Recent studies describe the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial activity of AgNPs, including attachment of AgNPs to the bacterial membrane, damage to intracellular biomolecules and structures, and oxidative stress induced by AgNPs and silver ions [ 154 , 155 ].…”

“…J. Liu et al (2022) described antibacterial nanocomposite films obtained from soluble soybean polysaccharide, carrageenan, and silver nanoparticles (SSPS/AgNPs/Carr) [ 154 ]. The antibacterial activities of the nanocomposite films were tested against Gram-positive ( S. aureus ) and Gram-negative ( E. coli ) foodborne pathogens by the agar disk diffusion method.…”

Silver/Hydrogen-Exchanged Zeolites Embedded in Modified Polyethylene Blends for Antibacterial Packaging with Prolonged Color Stability

“…Nowadays, active packaging has gained much attention throughout the current food chain, and consumer demands have led to an increase in the safety, quality, preservation, and prolonged shelf life of products. − Antimicrobial packaging is a type of active packaging that can successfully reduce or inhibit the growth of microorganisms and foodborne organisms. − Outstanding characteristics of ionic silver and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), such as strong toxicity against a wide range of microorganisms with minimal human toxicity, have extended their potential as antimicrobial agents. − Sustained and controlled release of antimicrobial agents like Ag + ions from the packaging films to the surface of foodstuffs and products will obviate the shortcoming associated with direct incorporation into food formulation. − The inhibitory mechanisms and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles against bacteria result from the inactivation of the membrane proteins and also membrane permeability changes followed by DNA damage through the interaction of released Ag + ions and free radicals with the membrane. , …”