Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor: A Potential Marker for Monitoring Disease Activity in IgG4-Related Disease

Karim, Faiz; Eurelings, Laura; Bansie, Rakesh; Hagen, P. Martin van; Laar, Jan A. M. van; Dik, Willem A.

doi:10.1155/2018/6103064

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Serum sIL-2R is considered as an activation marker of T cells [ 40 , 41 ]. Raised concentrations of sIL-2R have been demonstrated in autoimmune disease and lymphoid malignancies in which enhanced T cell activity is centrally involved [ 42 , 43 ]. The concentrations of serum sIL-2R were markedly higher in patients with subsequent acute lung injury (ALI) than those without [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal changes of inflammatory parameters and their correlation with disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China

et al. 2020

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Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging infectious disease and rapidly escalating epidemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The pathogenesis of COVID-19 remains to be elucidated. We aimed to clarify correlation of systemic inflammation with disease severity and outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Methods In this retrospective study, baseline characteristics, laboratory findings, and treatments were compared among 317 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with moderate, severe, or critically ill form of the disease. Moreover, the longitudinal changes of serum cytokines, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and hsCRP to lymphocyte count ratio (hsCRP/L) as well as their associations with disease severity and outcomes were investigated in 68 COVID-19 patients. Results Within 24 h of admission, the critically ill patients showed higher concentrations of inflammatory markers including serum soluble interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), ferritin, procalcitonin, LDH, hsCRP, and hsCRP/L than patients with severe or moderate disease. The severe cases displayed the similar response patterns when compared with moderate cases. The longitudinal assays showed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, LDH, hsCRP, and hsCRP/L gradually declined within 10 days post admission in moderate, severe cases or those who survived. However, there was no significant reduction in cytokines, LDH, hsCRP, and hsCRP/L levels in critically ill or deceased patients throughout the course of illness. Compared with female patients, male cases showed higher serum concentrations of soluble IL-2R, IL-6, ferritin, procalcitonin, LDH, and hsCRP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that IL-6 > 50 pg/mL and LDH > 400 U/L on admission were independently associated with disease severity in patients with COVID-19. Conclusion Exuberant inflammatory responses within 24 h of admission in patients with COVID-19 may correlate with disease severity. SARS-CoV-2 infection appears to elicit a sex-based differential immune response. IL-6 and LDH were independent predictive parameters for assessing the severity of COVID-19. An early decline of these inflammation markers may be associated with better outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal changes of inflammatory parameters and their correlation with disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China

et al. 2020

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“…IL-6 mediates many inflammatory pathways, 26 and the IL-2R levels reflect the degree of T-cell activation. 27 Normal levels of IL-10, which serves as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, were found in more than half of patients with BA ( Figure 2d). High serum levels of CXCL8 and IL-6 indicate an inflammatory state in patients with BA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

CXCL8^high inflammatory B cells in the peripheral blood of patients with biliary atresia are involved in disease progression

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2020

Immunol Cell Biol

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Biliary atresia (BA), the most common cause of pediatric end‐stage liver disease, results from fibroinflammatory obstruction of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. The etiology of BA has been extensively studied, and inflammation and imbalanced immune system have been identified as the main pathogenesis of BA. B cells play roles in innate and adaptive immunity, but few studies have investigated the role of B cells in BA. This study aimed to elucidate the role of B cells in the development of BA. The percentage and numbers of total B cells (23.81 ± 11.14%，P < 0.0001, 1.22 ± 0.67 × 109 L–1, P = 0.0014) and immature B cells (25.33 ± 14.32%, P = 0.0013, 0.19 ± 0.20 × 109 L–1, P < 0.0001) were significantly increased in the peripheral blood of patients with BA and the number of total B cells was positively correlated with gamma‐glutamyl‐transpeptidase in the serum of BA. High C–X–C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) levels were detected in the serum of patients with BA. As an important source of CXCL8, B cells from patients with BA secreted more CXCL8 into peripheral blood than those from control patients. Moreover, immature B cells can secrete more CXCL8 than mature B cells, and B cells secreted CXCL8 upon activation of the nuclear factor‐κB pathway. Taken together, the results revealed that B cells have a strong ability to secrete CXCL8, which is associated with the pathogenesis of BA, and exert a proinflammatory effect on the development of BA.

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“…In addition to the cell surface expression, IL-2Rα was also detected in certain diseases as in a soluble form (sIL-2R), including inflammatory disorders, transplantation rejection and most malignancy diseases [10,42,43]. The elevated level of sIL-2R ins serum is associated with disease progression and prognosis [10,43,44].…”

Section: Receptors For Il-2 and Il-15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy

Yang

Lundqvist

2020

Cancers

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The type I cytokine family members interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 play important roles in the homeostasis of innate and adaptive immunity. Although IL-2 and IL-15 receptor complexes activate similar signal transduction cascades, triggering of these receptors results in different functional activities in lymphocytes. While IL-2 expands regulatory T cells and CD4+ helper T cells, IL-15 supports the development of central memory T cells and NK cells. Recent data have provided evidence that IL-2 and IL-15 differ in their ability to activate T and NK cells to resist various forms of immune suppression. The diverse roles of these two cytokines have on immune cells lead to critical therapeutic implications for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the distinct roles of IL-2 and IL-15 in activating various functions in T and NK cells with a particular focus on the signals that participate in the resistance of tumor-derived immune suppressive factors. Furthermore, we summarize current clinical applications of IL-2 and IL-15 in metastatic malignancies, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents, and highlight the future trends for research on these cytokine-based immunotherapies.

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Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor: A Potential Marker for Monitoring Disease Activity in IgG4-Related Disease

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Longitudinal changes of inflammatory parameters and their correlation with disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China

Longitudinal changes of inflammatory parameters and their correlation with disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China

CXCL8^high inflammatory B cells in the peripheral blood of patients with biliary atresia are involved in disease progression

Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy

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Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor: A Potential Marker for Monitoring Disease Activity in IgG4-Related Disease

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Longitudinal changes of inflammatory parameters and their correlation with disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China

Longitudinal changes of inflammatory parameters and their correlation with disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China

CXCL8high inflammatory B cells in the peripheral blood of patients with biliary atresia are involved in disease progression

Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy

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CXCL8^high inflammatory B cells in the peripheral blood of patients with biliary atresia are involved in disease progression