Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary sarcoidosis

Abstract

SUMMARY ICAM‐1 plays an important role in inflammatory diseases. To assess level of soluble ICAM‐1 in the circulation and inflamed lesions, we measured levels of soluble ICAM‐1 in the circulation and bronchial veolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and with pulmonary sarcoidosis (PS) and of healthy volunteers (HV), and we also analysed ICAM‐I expression of BALF cells in some patients and HV. IPF patients had significantly higher levels of circulating ICAM‐1 than HV, while PS patients did not. By contrast, significantly increased levels of BALF soluble ICAM‐1 were found in PS patients compared with those of HV, but not in IPF patients. There were no significant differences in the proportions of ICAM‐1+ BALF lymphocytes in IPF patients, PS patients and HV. whereas significantly increased proportions of ICAM‐1 pulmonary alveolar macrophages were found in PS patients compared with those of HV, but not in IPF patients. There was a significant positive correlation of BALF soluble ICAM‐1 levels to BALF lymphocyte proportions in PS patients. Although the source of BALF soluble ICAM‐1 is unclear. BALF soluble ICAM‐1 appears to reflect the grade of local activity of sarcoidosis. An interesting discrepancy between soluble ICAM‐1 levels in the circulation and BALF was found in IPF patients, and this might be an important clue to an understanding of this disorder.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis biomarkers: clinical utility and a way of understanding disease pathogenesis

“…91 A follow-up study investigated the serum and BALF levels of ICAM-1 in IPF patients and again found significant elevations in the serum of IPF patients compared to both sarcoidosis patients and healthy volunteers, although BALF levels in IPF patients were not significantly elevated. 92 In another study of the serum levels of several ICAM proteins in IPF, the authors found both ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 to be significantly elevated in IPF patients and secondary ILD patients. The group then reviewed PFT results and found that while ICAM-2 was significantly inversely associated with DLCO levels, ICAM-1 levels were not significantly associated with any particular PFT.…”

ICAM-1: Contribution to Vascular Inflammation and Early Atherosclerosis

“…sICAM-1 has been detected in various body fluids including serum (Rothlein, Mainolfi et al 1991;Seth, Raymond et al 1991), cerebrospinal fluid (Tsukada, Matsuda et al 1993), synovial fluid (Mason, Kapahi et al 1993), sputum (Chihara, Yamamoto et al 1994), urine (Teppo, von Willebrand et al 2001) and bronchoalveolar fluid (Shijubo, Imai et al 1994). sICAM-1 is present in normal human serum at concentrations between 100-450 ng/ml (Gearing and Newman 1993), whilst elevated sICAM-1 has been found in serum from patients with cardiovascular disease, cancer, autoimmune disease and several studies have correlated serum levels of sICAM-1 with severity of disease (for review see (Witkowska and Borawska 2004)).…”

Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of extrinsic allergic alveolitis

“…ELISA for determination of sICAM-l in sera and BAL fiuids was performed according to a previously described method [8,14,21]. The FAST system (Becton Dickinson) was employed for quantitative analysis ofthe antigen.…”