Solubilization of oil in a mixed cationic liquid crystal

Phase Behavior, Formation, and Rheology of Cubic Phase and Related Gel Emulsion in Tween80/Water/Oil Systems

“…The micelles in I 1 phase have high positive interfacial curvature; therefore, they are usually found in aqueous solution of highly hydrophilic surfactants and amphiphilic polymers [6][7][8][9][10] . Moreover, the solubilization of oil in the micellar (W m ) or hexagonal phase (H 1 ) can induce the I 1 phase in water/surfactant/oil ternary systems 11,12) . It has been found that large amount of oil can be incorporated in the O/I 1 gel emulsion, and this is not dependent on oil nature 13) .…”

Effect of Addition and Molecular Size of Triglyceride Oils on Phase Behavior and Surfactant Self-Assemblies

“…poly(oxyethylene)-type surfactant (7), poly(oxyethylene)-poly(oxypropylene)-poly (oxyethylene) triblock copolymer (8), polyglycerol ester (9), sucrose ester (10). However adding oil to a micellar phase or a hexagonal phase in an aqueous surfactant system often induces a formation of a discontinuous cubic phase (5,(11)(12)(13) since a structural transition of rod-like or elongated micelles to spherical micelles often takes place by the solubilization of oil (14). The amount of adding oil needed for the formation of discontinuous cubic phase increases with decreasing molecular size of hydrocarbons and decreasing surfactant hydrophilicity (12).…”

“…If the oil molecules are solubilized in the core of the self-assemblies, a positive surfactant layer curvature increases (1) or a zero curvature is unchanged (11). On the other hand if the oil molecules penetrate into a surfactant palisade layer, a positive curvature becomes less positive or even it is turned into a negative curvature (1).…”

“…Note that a positive and a negative curvature of surfactant layer indicate a surfactant layer that is convex toward water and oil, respectively. The curvature of normal-type micelle or hexagonal phase tends to be less positive by the solubilization of oils with penetration tendency and to be more positive by the solubilization of oils with less-penetration tendency (1,11). Hence the phase transition from a micellar phase or a hexagonal phase to a discontinuous cubic phase takes place in the case of adding oils having less penetration tendency (13).…”

“…Hence the phase transition from a micellar phase or a hexagonal phase to a discontinuous cubic phase takes place in the case of adding oils having less penetration tendency (13). In previous reports (1,11), hydrocarbons or aromatic oils are mainly used to discuss the relation between the solubilization site of oils and the structural change of self-assemblies. However there are few reports for triglyceride oils in spite of the importance of practical applications.…”