Solubility of Hydrocortisone in Organic and Aqueous Media: Evidence for Regular Solution Behavior in Apolar Solvents

Solubility of Budesonide, Hydrocortisone, and Prednisolone in Ethanol + Water Mixtures at 298.2 K

“…In a recent paper, 18 the solubility of budesonide in water and ethanol at 298 K was reported as 0.000044 mol · L -1 and 0.0347 mol · L -1 , respectively, in which both data are less than our data. There are agreements among the reported aqueous solubility of hydrocortisone (0.000819 mol · L -1 and 0.000786 mol · L -1 ), 16,19 the reported data after 72 h equilibration time (0.000811 mol · L -1 ), 17 and the measured aqueous solubility datum (0.000860 mol · L -1 ). However, there are some differences among the measured aqueous solubility, the reported data after 24 h equilibration time (0.000571 mol · L -1 ), 17 and the solubility determined at room temperature (22°C to 24°C) which was higher than (0.00115 mol · L -1 ) 20 our data.…”

Accuracy of hydrocortisone dose administration via nasogastric tube

“…24 Furthermore, hydrocortisone is relatively insoluble in water, 5,25 which means most hydrocortisone is in suspension not solution. Another factor could be the loss of active pharmaceutical ingredient that could be up to 10% of the mass during hydrocortisone compounding because hydrocortisone sticks in the equipment used for compounding.…”

“…We found that flushing the equipment (syringes) improves delivery for liquid suspension hydrocortisone.This has implications in children treated with hydrocortisone via the oral route when intervening equipment such as syringes are used; flushing of devices is important to maximize recovery for hydrocortisone, which is poorly soluble in water and sticks to plastics 5,24. Our in vitro results demonstrate that specific methods need to be followed for different formulations of hydrocortisone to maximize recovery and accurate dosing and that most methods lead to under dosing.Hydrocortisone granules have been recently licensed in Europe for replacement therapy of paediatric adrenal insufficiency and according to the summary of product characteristics they are not suitable for administration through nasogastric tubes 13.…”

“…5 Inaccuracy in the hydrocortisone dose delivered leads to underor over-replacement and is associated with poor disease control and potentially poor long-term health outcomes. 5 Inaccuracy in the hydrocortisone dose delivered leads to underor over-replacement and is associated with poor disease control and potentially poor long-term health outcomes.…”

“…Hydrocortisone is poorly soluble in aqueous solutions and the suspension is viscous and therefore its delivery may be adversely affected when intervening equipment such as syringes and NG tubes are used. 5 Inaccuracy in the hydrocortisone dose delivered leads to underor over-replacement and is associated with poor disease control and potentially poor long-term health outcomes. [6][7][8] For hydrocortisone administration via the NG route, the preparations most commonly used in paediatric practice are liquid suspensions (syrup) available as special unlicensed formulations and tablets crushed into a fine powder and mixed with water.…”