Solubility of Dimethyl 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionate) in 15 Pure Solvents and in a Methanol + Water Binary Solvent System

Abstract

The solubility of dimethyl 2,2′-azobis­(2-methylpropionate) (AIBME) was determined in 15 pure solvents, including cyclohexane, dichloromethane, diethyl ether, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, tetrachloromethane, acetonitrile, methylbenzene, methanol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropanol, n-butyl alcohol, and iso-butyl alcohol, and in a binary solvent system (methanol + water) at the temperature range from 253.15 to 293.15 K at atmospheric pressure. Between 278.15 and 293.15 K, the solubility of AIBME is more sensitive to temperature in alcohol solvents than in other solvents. However, the solubility of AIBME in nonalcoholic solvents decreased more rapidly than in alcohol solvents below 278.15 K. The AIBME solubility in the binary solvent system (methanol + water) is positive to temperature and the initial mole fraction of methanol. The measured solubility data of AIBME in pure solvents were correlated by the modified Apelblat equation, the λh equation, the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model, and the Wilson model. The measured solubility data of AIBME in binary solvent systems were correlated by the modified Apelblat equation, the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model, and the Wilson model. Among the four models, the NRTL model is the best model to fit the solubility of AIBME, especially in alcohol solvents. In addition, the mixing properties of AIBME in 15 pure solvents, including standard mixing Gibbs energy, mixing enthalpy, and mixing entropy, were calculated and discussed. The results provide useful information for practical optimization of AIBME crystallization processes.

Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of dimethyl itaconate initiated by a new azo initiator: AIBME

“…Besides, the AIBN system showed low apparent initiator efficiency (<35%) (Table S8†) because the AIBN-initiator activity is lower than that of AIBME. 31…”

“…In addition, AIBME does not contain cyano groups, and its decomposition products are non-toxic. 31 The polymerization of DMI through RATRP initiated by AIBME has not been reported. In the present study, RATRP was used to synthesize PDMI, in which the AIBME was employed as a new azo initiator.…”

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibrium of 2-Mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol in Pure Organic Solvents

“…The λ h equation is also a semiempirical model proposed by Buchowski first. − It can be expressed as where x 1 is the mole fraction of MTD, T is the absolute thermodynamic temperature, and T m is the melting tempeture. λ and h are the two parameters of the λ h equation.…”

Measurement and Correlation of Solubility of Methyl 1,2,4-Triazole-3-carboxylate in 14 Pure Solvents from 278.15 to 318.15 K

“…In this study, the solubility of methyl 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate in 14 solvents (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, acetonitrile, acetone, 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran) was measured using a gravimetric method − at the different temperatures ranging from 278.15 to 318.15 K at atmospheric pressure and correlated using the λ h equation, modified Apelblat model, and Yaws model.…”