Solubility Measurements of Benzene and the Alkylbenzenes in Water by Making Use of Solute Vapor

Abstract

Aqueous solubilities of benzene and of alkylbenzenes, toluene, ethylbenzene, propyl- and isopropylbenzene, (o-, m-, and p-) xylene, and (1,2,3-, 1,2,4-, and 1,3,5-) trimethylbenzene, have been measured. An apparatus is described which provides a convenient means of obtaining aqueous solutions saturated with solute vapor. The method involves introducing solute vapor, which is in equilibrium with a liquid solute, into water and circulating it in a closed system. This method has three principal advantages: (1) The solubility equilibrium can be attained within 3 min, (2) it can be determined whether the solubility obeys Henry’s law, and (3) based on Henry’s law, solutions of any desired concentrations of solute at a given temperature of water can be easily prepared.

Modeling Studies on the Transport of Benzene and H2S in CO2-Water Systems

“…Usually, the mutual solubilities are measured along the three-phase equilibrium line, at given reported vapor pressures, such as in Chandler et al (1998), Anderson and Prausnitz (1986), and Jou and Mather (2003). Some researchers (e.g., Sanemasa et al, 1982; were more interested in the solubility at low temperatures and measured the solubility of benzene in water at vapor-liquid equilibrium. Others researchers measured the solubility at liquidliquid equilibrium (e.g., Neely et al, 2008;Miller and Hawthorne, 2000;Chen and Wagner, 1994) (Furutaka and Ikawa, 2001).…”

“…Table A2 lists the log(K) values obtained in this way. In addition to the three references listed in Table A1, the low temperature and pressure Henry's constants published by Sanemasa et al (1982) for the benzene-H 2 O system were also converted to log(K) values, neglecting departures from ideal behavior. These log(K) data were fitted as a function of temperature, assuming negligible pressure effect (given small Poynting factors estimated in the P-T range of gaseous benzene), yielding:…”

An automated coupled-column liquid chromatography system for measuring aqueous solubilities of hydrophobic solutes

“…The solubility and 95% confidence limit at 25 'C were calculated by the method of Clarke and Glew [6] to be (1.74±0.02) mM, in good agreement with the value (1.76±0.02) mM obtained by Tewari et al [7] at this temperature with the manual CCLC method. Other methods have yielded solubility values for 25 'C ranging from 1.23 mM to 2.00 mM [5,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The detailed results of our measurements on n -alkylbenzenes will be submitted for publication elsewhere.…”

Modeling of multicomponent and multitemperature adsorption equilibria of water vapor and organic compounds on activated carbons

“…Furthermore, the reason may be that toluene is recognized as only slightly (0.53 g/dm 3 at 25 C) water-soluble component (Sanemasa et al, 1982), contrary to n-butanol, which is partly (68 g/dm 3 at 25 C) watersoluble (Yalkowsky et al, 2010).…”