Solubilities of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, triglycerides, and fats and oils in supercritical carbon dioxide

Yu, Zer‐Ran; Singh, Bhajmohan; Rizvi, Syed S.H.; Zollweg, John A.

doi:10.1016/0896-8446(94)90006-x

Cited by 145 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The major fatty acids present in the SFE fractions from C. reticulates was linoleic acid (65%), followed by oleic acid (16.3%), palmitic acid (8.1%), stearic acid (5.5%), arachidic acid (2.9%), eicosanoic acid (1.1%), linolelaidic acid (0.25%), α-linolenic acid (0.13%), and γ-linolenic acid (0.06%). Whereas no significant changes in the amounts of oleic, stearic and palmitic acids from 1 st fraction, 2 nd fraction and 3 rd fraction were found, this is not in accordance with the findings of Yu et al (1994) , who studied the solubilities of fatty acids, fatty acid ester, triglycerides, and fats and oils in supercritical carbon dioxide, where they reported that linoleic acid decreased while oleic, stearic and palmitic acid increased over extraction time.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Compositioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of oils from two cultivars of Cantaloupe extracted by supercritical fluid extraction

Ismail¹,

Mariod²,

Bagalkotkar³

et al. 2009

Grasas y Aceites

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other hand SFA decreased from 16.35 to 13.91% in GLO 1 st fraction, and MUFA decreased from 17.50 to 15.57% in GLO 2 nd fraction, while PUFA increased from 66.15 to 70.52% in GLO 3 rd fraction. The different fractions of the two oils showed high antioxidant activity in reducing the oxidation of β-carotene in beta-carotene bleaching assay (BCB) and the quenching of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). KEY-WORDS: Antioxidant activity -Beta-carotene bleaching assay -Cantaloupe -1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl -Fatty acid -Supercritical fluid extraction.

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Section: Fatty Acid Compositioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of oils from two cultivars of Cantaloupe extracted by supercritical fluid extraction

Ismail¹,

Mariod²,

Bagalkotkar³

et al. 2009

Grasas y Aceites

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show abstract

“…ω in models have been identified by regression of experimental equilibrium data. A considerable amount of literature is available on the behavior of fats, oils, and their derivatives in supercritical solvents, mostly carbon dioxide (11)(12)(13)(14). Zou et al (15) reports phase-equilibrium data for sub-and supercritical mixtures of methyl oleate (C 18 methyl ester) and ethane.…”

Section: (I) Experimental Procedures: Bubble Point Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent‐based fatty alcohol synthesis using supercritical butane. Thermodynamic analysis

Brands

Poels

Dimian

et al. 2002

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Conventional liquid-phase fatty ester hydrogenolysis processes are necessarily operated at high pressures owing to the limited solubility of hydrogen in the reaction medium. In a solvent-based process this problem can be overcome, but recycling and product-solvent separation may turn out to be difficult. An alternative is the use of supercritical solvents, for which the solubility of fatty esters and fatty alcohols is high. Dropping the pressure into the subcritical domain allows for easy product separation and reactant recycle. In the present work we have analyzed the hydrogenolysis of methyl palmitate in supercritical butane. A reliable estimation of properties of the supercritical mixture can be obtained by fitting experimental vapor-liquid equilibrium data with Schwatzentruber-Renon cubic equation of state. The reaction mixture remains supercritical for a maximum pressure of 9 MPa and temperature of 470 K for mole fractions of hydrogen and methyl palmitate of 0.1 and 0.025, respectively. In these conditions an equilibrium conversion of more than 99% can be reached. An industrial process is feasible.Paper no. J9819 in JAOCS 79, 75-83 (January 2002).The industrial route from natural fats and oils to fatty alcohols generally proceeds via hydrolysis of triglycerides to fatty acids, esterification to methyl esters, and hydrogenolysis of methyl esters to fatty alcohols (1). The last step is usually a catalytic process carried out in slurry or fixed-bed reactor using hydrogen between 20 and 30 MPa (2,3). Such high pressure is required in view of the low solubility of hydrogen in the methyl ester, and because of limitations of chemical equilibrium and catalyst activity. High operating pressures and a very large excess of hydrogen, 20 to 100 times the amount of fatty acid, seriously affect capital and operating costs. This explains the efforts made to arrive at low-pressure processes and low hydrogen-to-ester molar feed ratios.Oleofina (4) developed a special catalyst for a liquid-phase process at pressures below 6 MPa. Few details about the catalyst have been disclosed, and to our knowledge this process and catalyst have not been commercialized.Davy McKee Corporation reported promising developments (5). Using a vapor-phase process, they claim to obtain full methyl ester conversion at 0.7-7 MPa. The main disadvantage of this process lies in the fact that it relies on the volatility of the fatty ester feed. Especially C 16 and C 18 esters have such low vapor pressures that an excessive hot hydrogen recycle is required for their vaporization.In our group, a liquid-phase ester hydrogenolysis process based on an inert solvent was investigated (6). Small linear alkanes such as octane or high-boiling mineral white oil are suitable solvents. These solvents act as hydrogen carriers and allow fairly high hydrogen-to-ester molar ratios. By using solvents such as octane in combination with highly active Cu/ZnO/SiO 2 catalysts, full conversion could be reached at hydrogen pressures as low as 8 MPa. Because of the low hydrogen pre...

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“…Computation of the solubility estimation is simpler using empirical correlations based on density models such as Chrastil, Gordillo, Yu, Jouyban and Mendez-Santiago-Teja as listed in 2.01 8.14 1.69 Table 2 (Chrastil 1982;Gordillo et al 2003;Jouyban et al 2002a;Mendez-Santiago and Teja 2000;Yu et al 1994). Coefficients for the empirical models along with respective AARD values are presented in Table 5.…”

Section: Empirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility of caffeine from green tea in supercritical CO2: a theoretical and empirical approach

Gadkari

Manohar

2015

J Food Sci Technol

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Solubilities of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, triglycerides, and fats and oils in supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 145 publications

References 14 publications

Fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of oils from two cultivars of Cantaloupe extracted by supercritical fluid extraction

Fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of oils from two cultivars of Cantaloupe extracted by supercritical fluid extraction

Solvent‐based fatty alcohol synthesis using supercritical butane. Thermodynamic analysis

Solubility of caffeine from green tea in supercritical CO2: a theoretical and empirical approach

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