Solubilisation of non‐starch polysaccharides from oil‐seed meals by polysaccharide‐degrading enzymes

Abstract

Abstract:The solubilisation of non-starch polysaccharides from cell wall materials (CWM) of palm-kernel and sunflower meals was studied using multi-component polysaccharidase preparations or fractions thereof. In sunflower CWM, the degradability of pectic compounds and mannosecontaining polysaccharides was highest, as estimated from 40 to 70% solubilisation of their constituent monosaccharides arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, rhamnose and mannose. Dimers and monomers were produced as major neutral and acidic end-products.Mannans in palm-kernel CWM were hydrolysed to about 20-50 YO, depending on enzyme composition, with the monomer and dimer of mannose as major endproducts. In both materials, xylans, or other xylose-containing polymers, were most resistant to enzymic hydrolysis. The results indicate the preferential solubilisation of parenchyma tissues from the seed in sunflower meal and the endosperm in palm-kernel meal, and the resistance of sunflower hull and palmkernel endocarp to enzymic attack. The concentrations of notably cellulolytic, mannanolytic and arabinolytic activities clearly determined the extent to which the corresponding constituents were solubilised.

Interaction of dietary high-oleic-acid sunflower hulls and different fat sources in broiler chickens

“…A strong negative correlation between the fiber content of the whole sunflower seed and its TME has been found (Villamide and San Juan, 1998). The soluble and insoluble nonstarch polysaccharide fractions of sunflower seed have been extensively studied (Düsterhöft et al, 1991(Düsterhöft et al, , 1993, representing 4.5 and 23.1%, respectively, of the meal. The total nonstarch polysaccharide comprised 42% cellulose, 24% pectic polysaccharides, 24% 4-0-methyl-glucuronoxylans, 5% glucomannans, and 4.5% fucoxyloglucans (Düsterhöft et al, 1993).…”

“…The soluble and insoluble nonstarch polysaccharide fractions of sunflower seed have been extensively studied (Düsterhöft et al, 1991(Düsterhöft et al, , 1993, representing 4.5 and 23.1%, respectively, of the meal. The total nonstarch polysaccharide comprised 42% cellulose, 24% pectic polysaccharides, 24% 4-0-methyl-glucuronoxylans, 5% glucomannans, and 4.5% fucoxyloglucans (Düsterhöft et al, 1993). The main component of soluble nonstarch polysaccharide is reported to be uronic acid (Irish and Balnave, 1993).…”

Effect of using Various Combinations of the Plant Meal as a Source of Vegetable Protein in the Diets of Broiler Chickens in the Productive Performance

“…Sunflower meal resulting from shelled seeds contains (40%) crude protein, with essential amino acids, and rich in mineral elements and vitamins, especially Vitamin B complex [17]. Chemical composition of the SFM depend on the type of seeds and the method of preparation, as well as the way of oil extraction [34].…”

Production of Ethanol and Feed by High Dry Matter Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Palm Kernel Press Cake

“…Galactomannan consists of a linear (1→4) linked β-D-mannopyranose backbone with (1→6) linked α-D-galactopyranose side groups. In PKC, the galactose substitution is 12-20% [8][9][10]. The linearity in mannan results in a predominantly crystalline structure, much similar to cellulose [8,11,12].…”

“…Unlike press cakes from other oil seeds, PKC has a high content of carbohydrates, around 50% [7]. Sugars in PKC are mainly hexoses such as glucose, galactose, and mannose [8][9][10], which can potentially be fermented by traditional yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae into, e.g., ethanol with a theoretical yield of 0.51 g ethanol/g hexose sugar. Utilizing carbohydrates in PKC for ethanol production would result in a final product enriched in protein and with reduced fiber content, which could be a more attractive feed supplement compared with traditional PKC.…”