Solitons in nucleus-nucleus collisions near the speed of sound

On the existence of Korteweg: de Vries solitons in relativistic hydrodynamics

“…This Ansatz is similar to the energy density used in [1,8,9] and is consistent with the EOS obtained with the approach based on the density functional theory [2].…”

“…In this section we follow the treatment developed in [1,8,9] to obtain the Korteweg-de Vries equation in one dimension through the combination of (14) and (8). Concerning the hadronic medium we shall consider three cases: I) ordinary nuclear matter at baryon density ρ 0 for which the following saturation condition holds:…”

“…and We now repeat the steps developed in [1,9] and introduce dimensionless variables for the baryon density and velocity:…”

Nonlinear waves in a quark gluon plasma

“…In this work we revisit the relativistic hydrodynamic equations expanding them in a different way, in terms of a small expansion parameter (σ) closely following what is done in magnetohydrodynamics of plasmas [23] and keeping the non-linear features of the problem. Techniques of plasma physics started to be applied to nuclear hydrodynamics long ago [24,25] to study perturbations in the cold nucleus, treated as a fluid.…”

“…The most interesting aspect of [17,18,19,20,24,25] was to find at some point of the developement, the (KdV) equation for the perturbation in the nuclear matter density. This is the "nuclear soliton".…”