Solitary shock waves and adiabatic phase transition in lipid interfaces and nerves

Shrivastava, Shamit; Kang, Kevin H.; Schneider, Mat­thias

doi:10.1103/physreve.91.012715

Cited by 36 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Recently, there have been various reports, both theoretical and experimental, regarding the possibility of mechanical pulse propagation in artificial systems close to transitions and in nerves (14,16,17,21,22,(31)(32)(33). Heimburg and Jackson (14) argued that, close to the phase transitions found in biological tissue, electromechanical solitons with properties similar to those of the action potential can travel along the nerve axons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary electromechanical pulses in lobster neurons

González‐Pérez

Mosgaard

Budvytytė

et al. 2016

Biophysical Chemistry

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Investigations of nerve activity have focused predominantly on electrical phenomena. Nerves, however, are thermodynamic systems, and changes in temperature and in the dimensions of the nerve can also be observed during the action potential. Measurements of heat changes during the action potential suggest that the nerve pulse shares many characteristics with an adiabatic pulse. First experiments in the 1980s suggested small changes in nerve thickness and length during the action potential. Such findings have led to the suggestion that the action potential may be related to electromechanical solitons traveling without dissipation. However, they have been no modern attempts to study mechanical phenomena in nerves. Here, we present ultrasensitive AFM recordings of mechanical changes on the order of 2 -12Å in the giant axons of the lobster. We show that the nerve thickness changes in phase with voltage change. When stimulated at opposite ends of the same axon, colliding action potentials pass through one another and do not annihilate. These observations are consistent with a mechanical interpretation of the nervous impulse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary electromechanical pulses in lobster neurons

González‐Pérez

Mosgaard

Budvytytė

et al. 2016

Biophysical Chemistry

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“…the system has sufficient time to relax, the vapor phase appears at the saturation boundary. However, dynamic tensile stress, such as during a shock wave, can result in metastable states (region between the saturation line and the spinodal) (54). This is further complicated in the presence of lipids.…”

Section: Appendix a On Fluctuations Coupling At The Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…remained at ~0.15, suggesting a saturation of the change in the thermodynamic state of the interface during rapid expansion; a phenomenon which is common in such nonlinear systems(23).Figure6 ∆ / 0 and ̇ averaged over 500 shocks at energy levels (A) 12 and (B) 15 for DMPC suspension at 23℃. At the higher energy level the growth rate ̇ was larger indicating the cavitation was driven harder; but the ∆ / 0 plateaued to the same value suggesting the lipid obtained the same condensed state.…”

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confidence: 95%

Thermodynamic state of the interface during acoustic cavitation in lipid suspensions

Shrivastava

Cleveland

2019

Phys. Rev. Materials

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The thermodynamic state of lipid interfaces was observed during shock wave induced cavitation in water with sub-microsecond resolution, using the emission spectra of hydration-sensitive fluorescent probes co-localized at the interface. The experiments show that the cavitation threshold is lowest near a phase transition of the lipid interface. The cavitation collapse time and the maximum state change during cavitation are found to be a function of both the driving pressure and the initial state of the lipid interface. The experiments show dehydration and crystallization of lipids during the expansion phase of cavitation, suggesting that the heat of vaporization is absorbed from within the interface, which is adiabatically uncoupled from the free water. The study underlines the critical role of the thermodynamic state of the interface in cavitation dynamics, which has mechanistic implications for ultrasound-mediated drug delivery, acoustic nerve stimulation, ultrasound contrast agents, and the nucleation of ice during cavitation.

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“…The nervous impulse propagation was well established to be a membrane bound phenomenon where, although the cellular machinery and cytoskeleton structure certainly have a role, they are in no way required or necessary for nerve pulse propagation [347]. It was proved as early as 1909 by Einstein that the air bounded liquid interface, and in particular the capillary effect, is thermodynamical decoupled from the bulk, since the application of a Carnot cycle to a free surface requires a nonzero interface heat capacity and water interface entropy.…”

Section: Boundary Of Axons and Nerve Pulse Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new perspective on the theory of pulse propagation in nerve is represented by a macroscopic thermodynamic model in which the action potential is regarded as an electro-mechanical solitary wave or soliton [79,347,348]. There is experimental and theoretical evidence of mechanical/acoustical waves propagating in the biomembrane, and these acoustic waves are reversible adiabatic transformations governed by entropy conservation.…”

Section: Boundary Of Axons and Nerve Pulse Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundaries of a Complex World

Ludu

2016

Springer Series in Synergetics

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Complexity is an interdisciplinary program publishing the best research and academic-level teaching on both fundamental and applied aspects of complex systemscutting across all traditional disciplines of the natural and life sciences, engineering, economics, medicine, neuroscience, social and computer science.Complex Systems are systems that comprise many interacting parts with the ability to generate a new quality of macroscopic collective behavior the manifestations of which are the spontaneous formation of distinctive temporal, spatial or functional structures. Models of such systems can be successfully mapped onto quite diverse "real-life" situations like the climate, the coherent emission of light from lasers, chemical reaction-diffusion systems, biological cellular networks, the dynamics of stock markets and of the internet, earthquake statistics and prediction, freeway traffic, the human brain, or the formation of opinions in social systems, to name just some of the popular applications.Although their scope and methodologies overlap somewhat, one can distinguish the following main concepts and tools: self-organization, nonlinear dynamics, synergetics, turbulence, dynamical systems, catastrophes, instabilities, stochastic processes, chaos, graphs and networks, cellular automata, adaptive systems, genetic algorithms and computational intelligence.The three major book publication platforms of the Springer Complexity program are the monograph series "Understanding Complex Systems" focusing on the various applications of complexity, the "Springer Series in Synergetics", which is devoted to the quantitative theoretical and methodological foundations, and the "SpringerBriefs in Complexity" which are concise and topical working reports, case-studies, surveys, essays and lecture notes of relevance to the field. In addition to the books in these two core series, the program also incorporates individual titles ranging from textbooks to major reference works.The Springer Series in Synergetics was founded by Herman Haken in 1977. Since then, the series has evolved into a substantial reference library for the quantitative, theoretical and methodological foundations of the science of complex systems.Through many enduring classic texts, such as Haken's Synergetics and Information and Self-Organization, Gardiner's Handbook of Stochastic Methods, Risken's The Fokker Planck-Equation or Haake's Quantum Signatures of Chaos, the series has made, and continues to make, important contributions to shaping the foundations of the field.The series publishes monographs and graduate-level textbooks of broad and general interest, with a pronounced emphasis on the physico-mathematical approach.More information about this series at

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Solitary shock waves and adiabatic phase transition in lipid interfaces and nerves

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

Solitary electromechanical pulses in lobster neurons

Solitary electromechanical pulses in lobster neurons

Thermodynamic state of the interface during acoustic cavitation in lipid suspensions

Boundaries of a Complex World

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