Solitary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma: adhesion molecule and chemokine receptor expression patterns

Hughes, Marie; Doig, Allyson; Soutar, Richard

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06599.x

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Progression to multiple myeloma may be dependent on specific chemokine receptor expression profiles of the malignant plasma cells, as well as dysfunctional cellular adhesion molecules. 13 Predictors of progression to multiple myeloma include the Bartl's histological grade, size and MIB1 proliferation index, with greater than 10% demonstrating significance. 14,15 Extramedullary plasmacytoma can therefore also present with symptoms of progression to multiple myeloma and disseminated disease, such as weight loss or cachexia, bony pain from intramedullary disease, renal failure, anaemia or neurological symptomology.…”

Section: Disease Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal manifestations of extramedullary plasmacytoma: a narrative review and illustrative case reports

Glasbey

Arshad

Almond

et al. 2018

annals

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Introduction Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma are rare, solid-mass tumours which appear immunophenotypically similar to multiple myeloma. The diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal plasmacytoma is complex and requires multidisciplinary input. This study presents a narrative review of intra-abdominal extramedullary plasmacytoma, illustrated with two case studies. Methods The PubMed database was searched without date restrictions for reports of intra-abdominal extramedullary plasmacytoma to synthesise a narrative review. Electronic records were reviewed at a high-volume, quaternary soft-tissue sarcoma centre to identify patients with histopathologically confirmed extramedullary plasmacytoma affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Results Gastrointestinal extramedullary plasmacytomas can present with mass effect or organ-specific dysfunction. Techniques for tissue diagnosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma vary dependent on location, with a formal diagnosis often being made from a resected specimen. Management can include surgery, radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy or a combination. No high-quality evidence base exists to guide treatment. Two case studies of operated gastrointestinal extramedullary plasmacytoma are presented at different phases of disease progression, with a resultant impact on survival. Conclusion Intra-abdominal extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare and heterogeneous condition that lacks consensus guidelines for diagnosis and management. Collaboration between international specialist centres will create better quality evidence for treatment of this cohort.

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Section: Disease Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal manifestations of extramedullary plasmacytoma: a narrative review and illustrative case reports

Glasbey

Arshad

Almond

et al. 2018

annals

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“…The histologic differential diagnoses of a monoclonal cell population with plasmacytic features includes plasma cell neoplasms, such as plasmacytoma, plasma cell myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance, and smoldering myeloma ( 22 ), as well as other B cell lymphomas such as extranodal marginal zone lymphoma and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma ( 23 ). Analysis of adhesion molecule and chemokine receptor CD49d and CXCR4 may be helpful in differentiating SP from MM ( 24 ). Nevertheless, comprehensive imaging studies and panendoscopy of the ear, nose, and throat tract are necessary to confirm solitary disease involvement ( 4 , 13 , 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Cricoid Cartilage—Case Report

et al. 2017

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Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is an extremely rare form of hematologic malignancy that can be classified as solitary bone plasmacytoma or solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma. Here, we report a patient who presented with progressive shortness of breath and foreign body sensation in his throat. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) demonstrated an abnormal FDG-avid soft tissue mass arising from the larynx involving the cricoid cartilage without additional suspicious lesions. Histology revealed an abundance of plasma cells; immunohistochemistry was positive for CD138 expression and lambda chains, and negative for CD20. Comprehensive imaging studies and panendoscopy of the ENT tract confirmed solitary disease involvement. Following additional systemic work-up, a diagnosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma was rendered. The patient underwent definitive radiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (total dose of 46 Gy, divided in 23 fractions of 200 cGy). Serial PET/CT showed the stepwise resolution of abnormal FDG uptake and resolution of the cricoid cartilage lesion. With 22 months of follow-up, the patient remains free of disease. We describe the rare case of SP presenting as a FDG-avid hypermetabolic soft tissue mass in the cricoid cartilage, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal tumors. Of note, SP is radiosensitive; favorable outcome can be expected once treated with doses of 40–50 Gy. FDG PET/CT is helpful in diagnosis and response assessment for this disease.

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“…The treatment of choice for EMP is traditionally radiotherapy (RT) given with a curative intent with usual dose of 40-50 Gy for a 4-week period [19,20]. Five year local disease control is expected to be 90% for patients who received ≥40 Gy compared with 40% for those who received <40 Gy [15]. However in our case with bilateral adrenal involvement, it was decided that the patient should undergo a bilateral adrenalectomy to avoid radiation damage to both kidneys.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In this regard CD138, MUM1/IRF4, CD20 and PAX5 are the most useful markers for lymphoma however it should be recognized that CD20 and PAX5 sometimes express in plasma cell malignancies. Monoclonality and/or an aberrant plasma cell phenotype should be demonstrated with different markers, such as CD19, CD56, CD27, CD117 and cyclin D1 [15]. The diagnosis is made after obtaining a full history of the patient, physical examination, complete blood count, a bone marrow biopsy, serum protein electrophoresis, urine testing for Bence Jones proteinuria and a skeletal survey to detect osteoblastic response to bone destruction [16].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Extramedullary Adrenal Plasmacytoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Townend

Kraus

Coyle

et al. 2017

Int. J. Endo. Oncol.

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Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) accounts for only 3% of plasma cell malignancies; others include multiple myeloma, plasma cell leukemia and solitary plasmacytoma of bone. The majority of EMPs are found in the upper respiratory tract. Other sites include the GI tract, bladder, CNS, thyroid, breast, testes, parotid gland, lymph nodes and skin. There are eight cases in the literature of adrenal plasmacytoma, however, only two were bilateral. We describe our recent experience of bilateral adrenal plasmacytoma and review of the literature. While EMP may present as aggressive locally destructive lesions, excellent local control can be achieved in a majority of cases. Follow-up should be lifelong due to risk of progression to multiple myeloma.

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Solitary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma: adhesion molecule and chemokine receptor expression patterns

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Gastrointestinal manifestations of extramedullary plasmacytoma: a narrative review and illustrative case reports

Gastrointestinal manifestations of extramedullary plasmacytoma: a narrative review and illustrative case reports

Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Cricoid Cartilage—Case Report

Bilateral Extramedullary Adrenal Plasmacytoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

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