Solitary neurofibroma of maxilla: a rare clinical entity

Abstract

Neurofibroma (NF) is a benign tumour of the peripheral nervous system which is rare in head and neck region. Head and neck NF are mostly located in the soft tissue and rarely seen intraosseously. These may present either as solitary lesions or as part of the generalised syndrome of neurofibromatosis or von Recklinghausen's disease of the skin. The intraosseous ones are most commonly seen as solitary lesions, rather than part of neurofibromatosis. The following report describes a unique case of a solitary neurofibroma of the maxilla without generalised syndrome of neurofibromatosis in a male patient.

Solitary Intraosseous Neurofibroma of the Hard Palate: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…Clinically, solitary neuro bromas typically occur as asymptomatic painless lesions in the initial stages. The current patient was asymptomatic and did not show any pain or neurological disturbances, similar to previously reported cases [12,14,15,19]. On radiography, cortical expansion, cortical perforation, tooth displacement, and root resorption are observed in most cases [7,12,14,15,20].…”

“…Complete surgical excision of this lesion could mainly be attributed to the presence of a complete capsule, which indicates that setting the resection margin is easier compared with most solitary non-encapsulated neuro bromas [3,6,10,13,14]. Previous studies have reported that gross specimens of neuro broma tissue appear to have a doughy consistency with a whitish and shiny surface [4,19]. Microscopically, neuro bromas are characterized by spindle-shaped cells with elongated, thin nuclei and scant cytoplasm surrounded by a collagenous matrix.…”

“…Given its rarity, clinicians may not be familiar with intraosseous neuro bromas and therefore fail to consider it as a differential diagnosis. Herein, the reported cases of solitary intraosseous neuro bromas located in the maxilla published in the English literature until 2022 [7,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] were compiled to assist in diagnosis. The information presented in Table 1 (at the end of the document text le) is extracted from these cases.…”

“…Nevertheless, salivary gland tumors and other benign soft tissue tumors cannot be ruled out. Consequently, local organizational biopsy is preferable for an accurate preoperative diagnosis, and a de nitive diagnosis can be based on histopathological and immunohistochemical ndings [12,19].…”

Solitary Neurofibroma of the Zygoma: Three-Dimensional Virtual Resection and Patient-Specific Polyetheretherketone Implant Reconstruction

“…Approximately 25% of all NFs are found in the head and neck region, and 6.5% occur in the oral cavity. 1 The tongue and buccal mucosa are the most common intraoral sites where soft tissue NF is involved. Intraosseous NF is very rare and is mainly reported in the mandible, maxilla, and palate.…”