Solidification Structure of High Speed Tool Steel

Gunji, Kôki; Kusaka, Kunio; Ishikawa, Eijiro; Sudo, Koichi

doi:10.2355/isijinternational1966.14.257

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…12) and carbides formed by an incomplete peritectic reaction (L +δ→γ+ M 2 C) at a high temperature. As explained later, the primary crystallization of δ‐ferrite (Gunji et al , 1974) and the medium cooling rate reached after laser melting in the B zones were responsible for this microstructure at room temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…This fact can be explained by the solidification process. According to the phase diagram for AISI M2 high‐speed steel (Gunji et al , 1974), solidification starts with the formation of δ‐ferrite with low carbon solubility. It is followed by a peritectic reaction between the carbon‐rich liquid and the δ‐ferrite cells and forms a carbon‐rich austenite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural characterization of laser surface melted AISI M2 tool steel

Arias

Cabeza

Castro

et al. 2010

Journal of Microscopy

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SummaryWe describe the microstructure of Nd:YAG continuous wave laser surface melted high-speed steel, namely AISI M2, treated with different laser scanning speeds and beam diameters on its surface. Microstructural characterization of the remelted surface layer was performed using light optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The combination of the three techniques provided new insights into the substantial changes induced by laser surface melting of the steel surface layer. The advantage of the method is that it avoids the difficult and tedious work of preparing samples of this hard material for transmission electron microscopy, which is the technique normally used to study these fine microstructures. A melted zone with a dendritic structure and a partially melted zone with a heterogeneous cellular structure were observed. M 2 C carbides with different morphologies were identified in the resolidified surface layer after laser melting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterization of laser surface melted AISI M2 tool steel

Arias

Cabeza

Castro

et al. 2010

Journal of Microscopy

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“…(1) O objetivo do presente trabalho visa estudar no processo de fundição convencional do aço rápido M2, o efeito do tamanho dos lingotes. Portanto, o trabalho fará uma correlação da variação da microestrutura bruta de fusão em relação ao tamanho de células, as taxas de resfriamentos segundo equações determinadas por Gunji (14) e avaliação de segregação.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Desta forma, as medidas microestruturais podem indicar indiretamente a taxa de resfriamento na solidificação, de acordo com a equação desenvolvida por Gunji (14) -Equação 1. Gunji se baseou em experimentos em lingotes comerciais de 300 Kg, com lingotamento pela parte inferior, visando avaliar uma correlação entre a taxa de resfriamento na solidificação e a microestrutura, através de medições dos tamanhos de célula.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Estudo Da Solidificação Do Aço Rápido M2 Em Diferentes Lingotes

Delgado,

Mesquita,

Barbosa

et al. 2009

ABM Proceedings

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ResumoOs aços rápidos são principalmente empregados em ferramentas de corte, como brocas, machos e fresas de topo. Sua microestrutura é composta por martensita, com alta dureza e alta resistência ao revenido, e carbonetos nela dispersos. Os principais elementos de liga empregados no aço rápido M2 são Mo, W e V. O presente trabalho discute os efeitos do tamanho de lingotes, do tamanho das células e das taxas de resfriamento na microestrutura bruta de solidificação desta liga. Essas variáveis afetam diretamente o tamanho e a distribuição desses carbonetos após conformação a quente, que vão agir diretamente nas propriedades finais desses materiais, principalmente resistência ao desgaste e tenacidade. Palavras-chave: Aço rápido; Solidificação; Microestrutura; Tamanho de célula; Taxa de resfriamento. HIGH SPEED STEEL M2 SOLIDIFICATION STUDY IN DIFFERENT INGOTSThe high speed steels are mostly applied in cutting tools, like drills, cores and top milling cutter. Its microstructure is composed by martensite, with high hardness and strong tempering resistance and disperses carbides on it. The principal alloy elements utilized in the M2 high speed steel are the Mo, W and V. The present study discusses the ingot sizes effects, the cells sizes and the cooling taxes in the solidification rough microstructure of this grade. These variables affect directly the sizes and the carbides distribution after hot forming, which ones are going to act directly in the final properties of these materials, especially in the wear and toughness.

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Melting and crystallization behaviour of W‐V‐Si high‐speed steels

Dobrzański

1986

Steel Research

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Differential thermal analysis was used to determine the effects of variable Si, W and C contents on the behaviour of W‐V‐Si highspeed steels during melting and crystallization and to develop certain fragments of pseudobinary phase diagrams corresponding to melting and crystallization of these materials. Melting of S 9‐0‐2 steel involves the following sequence of transformations: reverse three‐phase eutectic reaction, direct melting of austenite grains, reverse three‐phase and then four‐phase peritectic reactions, and melting of high‐temperature ferrite. In steels containing more than 2% Si reverse four‐phase peritectic reaction occurs immediately after partial completion of reverse eutectic reaction and in steels with more than 4% Si there is also direct melting of carbides. A decrease in tungsten content from 9.5 to 7 % in steels containing 2 % Si and 1.05 or 0.9 % C enhances direct melting of austenite grains; an increase in tungsten content to 12% inhibits this reaction completely. A decrease in carbon content from 1.05 to 0.9 % in steels containing W 7‐12, V 2.5 and Si 2 % does not change the nature of transformations on melting. Crystallization of conventional S 9‐0‐2 steel involves the following sequence of events: formation of high‐temperature ferrite crystals from the liquid, three‐phase peritectic reaction, direct crystallization of austenite from the liquid, and three‐phase eutectic reaction. With silicon contents exceeding 3% direct crystallization of austenite and three‐phase eutectic reactions occur simultaneously. This sequence of reactions is not affected by reduction of tungsten content from 9.5 to 7 % in steels containing 2% Si and 1.05 or 0.9% C. An increase in tungsten content to 12% in such materials results in complete inhibition of direct crystallization of austenite from the liquid and in 1.05% C steel there is an additional change involving simultaneous occurrence of three‐phase peritectic and eutectic reactions. A decrease in carbon content from 1.05 to 0.9% in steels containing 7–12% W and 2% Si does not change the nature of transformations during cooling but does enhance partially simultaneous occurrence of three‐phase peritectic and eutectic reactions.

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Solidification Structure of High Speed Tool Steel

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Microstructural characterization of laser surface melted AISI M2 tool steel

Microstructural characterization of laser surface melted AISI M2 tool steel

Estudo Da Solidificação Do Aço Rápido M2 Em Diferentes Lingotes

Melting and crystallization behaviour of W‐V‐Si high‐speed steels

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