Solid Waste Characterization and Recycling in Syrian Refugees Hosting Communities in Jordan

Saidan, Motasem N.; Drais, Ammar Abu; Linton, Colette; Hamdan, Sudki

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-18350-9_14

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As for the scientific research, few studies on the impact of the Syrian refugees on SWM in Jordan were conducted. For example, the study by Yamamoto (2019) presents a general overview on the topic, while the studies by Aldayyat et al (2019) and Saidan et al (2020b) focus on the hosting communities, and the study by Saidan et al (2017) on refugee camps. In particular, Yamamoto (2019) examined the link between the improvement of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) and peace-building/social cohesion, while Saidan et al (2017) determined experimentally the composition of the SW generated by the refugees living in the Zaatari Syrian Refugee Camp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, Yamamoto (2019) examined the link between the improvement of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) and peace-building/social cohesion, while Saidan et al (2017) determined experimentally the composition of the SW generated by the refugees living in the Zaatari Syrian Refugee Camp. The recent study by Saidan et al (2020b) estimated the composition of the host community in Irbid Governorate based on the urbanization index. Aldayyat et al (2019) assessed the current situation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in different Jordanian cities, including the city of Irbid, by making estimations over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Municipal solid waste management in refugee hosting communities: Analysis of a case study in northern Jordan

2021

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The Syrian civil war, which broke out in 2011, caused the displacement of more than one million refugees to Jordan. Most of them settled in the Northern Govenorates of Jordan. Due to this, the local services and infrastructures of the hosting communities, in particular the solid waste management (SWM), were put under great pressure. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the off-camp refugees impacted the SWM in the Greater Irbid Municipality (GIM; in the Irbid Governorate), both quantitatively and qualitatively. Data and results obtained from the studies carried out before the Syrian crisis are compared with data collected by the authors in 2016 using similar or comparable methodologies. Moreover, local citizen perceptions of and satisfaction with the solid waste (SW) service level were assessed. A deterioration of the SWM in GIM between 2011 and 2016 was observed in terms of service performance indicators (e.g., an increase of SW collection and transportation costs by 2.5 times and of fines for improper SW disposal by 2.2 times) and of citizens’ views (a decline in SWM quality was felt by 59% of the respondents). An attempt to cope with this situation has been made in recent years with international donors mobilizing efforts and resources to enable municipalities to meet the growing demand in basic SW services. There is however, still much to be done.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal solid waste management in refugee hosting communities: Analysis of a case study in northern Jordan

2021

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“…The criteria and regulations of solid waste management (SWM) services in Jordan has changed due to the sudden increase of refugees in the northern governorates of Jordan. The huge and sudden influx of Syrian refugees has overwhelmed the absorptive capacity of the host communities, and as the population grows, service delivery deteriorates, and the competition for resources intensifies, particularly in Northern part of Jordan [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of Solid Waste for Bio-Oil and Char Production in Refugees’ Camp: A Case Study

et al. 2021

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The current research focuses on assessing the potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) conversion into biofuel using pyrolysis process. The MSW samples were taken from Zaatari Syrian Refugee Camp. The physical and chemical characteristics of MSW were studied using proximate and elemental analysis. The results showed that moisture content of MSW is 32.3%, volatile matter (VM) is 67.99%, fixed carbon (FC) content is 5.46%, and ash content is 24.33%. The chemical analysis was conducted using CHNS analyzer and found that the percentage of elements contents: 46% Carbon (C) content, 12% Hydrogen (H2), 2% Nitrogen (N2), 44% Oxygen (O2), and higher heat value (HHV) is 26.14 MJ/kg. The MSW pyrolysis was conducted using tubular fluidized bed reactor (FBR) under inert gas (Nitrogen) at 500 °C with 20 °C/min heating rate and using average particles size 5–10 mm. The products of MSW pyrolysis reaction were: pyrolytic liquid, solid char, and gaseous mixture. The pyrolytic oil and residual char were analyzed using Elemental Analyzer and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of FTIR showed that oil product has considerable amounts of alkenes, alkanes, and carbonyl groups due to high organic compounds contents in MSW. The elemental analysis results showed that oil product content consists of 55% C, 37% O2, and the HHV is 20.8 MJ/kg. The elemental analysis of biochar showed that biochar content consists of 47% C, 49% O2, and HHV is 11.5 MJ/kg. Further research is recommended to study the effects of parameters as reactor types and operating conditions to assess the feasibility of MSW pyrolysis, in addition to the environmental impact study which is necessary to identify and predict the relevant environmental effects of this process.

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“…The design and implementation of innovative solutions is urgently needed to bridge the socio-economic resiliency and safeguard the existing natural resources of host communities is underscored in the national and regional strategies in Jordan (Saidan et al, 2020). Moreover, the governing the intended targets for the solid waste sector were lain out in the Jordan National Vision and Strategy and the National Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategy, followed by their rationalization into the Regional level for the North and Central Regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale and Impacts of Livelihoods Development on Women Empowerment in the Solid Waste Sector of Jordan

Saidan

Drais

Al-Manaseer³

et al. 2020

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The present study outlines a cohesive compilation of analysis of the involvement of women in decision-making and leadership in the solid waste sector in Jordan. The socio-economic challenges have been catalyzed by the influx of Syrian refugees into the host communities and camps in Jordan. Hence, deterioration of municipal solid waste services have centered on and proposed that women engagement in the Solid Waste (SW) sector to provide opportunities that aim to improve livelihoods by producing an avenue for added income generation through the recycling and sorting scheme; as well as the cost revenue implications for the municipalities. Since 2015, projects added prospects for continued engagement of women and have drastically increased their involvement by filling management positions in the development and operation of municipal SW Transfer Stations (TSs), including heading the design and operation of the TS, and the recycling project. While 54 employment opportunities were created within North Shouneh SW pilot project; 37,794 women jobs of recycling and composting were made available by the cash for work initiative throughout 2016-2017, as well as, 60 women were employed in Zaatari camp. Moreover, when CBOs are directly involved, there has been more opportunity to engage women in employment in the solid waste sector.

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Solid Waste Characterization and Recycling in Syrian Refugees Hosting Communities in Jordan

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Municipal solid waste management in refugee hosting communities: Analysis of a case study in northern Jordan

Municipal solid waste management in refugee hosting communities: Analysis of a case study in northern Jordan

Pyrolysis of Solid Waste for Bio-Oil and Char Production in Refugees’ Camp: A Case Study

Scale and Impacts of Livelihoods Development on Women Empowerment in the Solid Waste Sector of Jordan

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