Solid state synthesis and spectral investigations of nanostructure SnS2

Kiruthigaa, G.; Manoharan, C.; Raju, Ch. Linga; Jayabharathi, Jayaraman; Dhanapandian, S.

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2014.03.088

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the other hand, S 3 generators are more sensitive to power reflections, and their efficiency is lower than that of magnetrons. The full utilization of the S 3 advantages, especially the frequency variation during the process, requires higher levels of system design and process control [15][16][17].…”

Section: Overview Of the Microwave Frequency Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in the Development of Microwave Reactors for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Laboratories and Industries: A Review

et al. 2018

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Microwave energy has been in use for many applications for more than 50 years, from communication, food processing, and wood drying to chemical reactions and medical therapy. The areas, where microwave technology is applied, include drying, calcination, decomposition, powder synthesis, sintering, and chemical process control. Before the year 2000, microwaves were used to produce ceramics, semiconductors, polymers, and inorganic materials; in next years, some new attempts were made as well. Nowadays, it has been found that microwave sintering can also be applied to sintered powder and ceramics and is more effective than conventional sintering. Particularly interesting is its use for the synthesis of nanomaterials. This review identifies the main sources of microwave generation, the delivery mechanisms of microwave energy, and the typical designs and configurations of microwave devices, as well as the measurement and construction material problems related to microwave technology. We focus our attention on the configurations, materials, optimized geometries, and solvents used for microwave devices, providing examples of products, especially nanoparticles and other nanomaterials. The identified microwave devices are divided into four groups, depending on the scale, the maximum pressure developed, the highest temperature for sintering, or other special multi-functions. The challenges of using microwave energy for the synthesis of nanopowders have been identified as well. The desirable characteristics of microwave reactors in the synthesis of nanostructures, as well as their superiority over conventional synthetic methods, have been presented. We have also provided a review of the commercial and self-designed microwave reactors, digestors, and sintering furnaces for technology for synthesis of nanomaterials and other industries.

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Section: Overview Of the Microwave Frequency Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in the Development of Microwave Reactors for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Laboratories and Industries: A Review

et al. 2018

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“…Various methods from simple to elaborate have been used to grow SnS 2 single crystals, nanostructures, and films. Examples include mechanical and chemical exfoliations, chemical vapor transport using iodine as the transport agent, , chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using SnO 2 , atmospheric vapor pressure deposition using SnS 2 , hydrothermal, ,,− wet chemistry, solid state reaction, , atomic layer deposition, solvothermal method, and hot-injection method . In this work we present a one-step method with a short turn-around time to grow single crystalline ultrathin (a few nanometers) to thin SnS 2 (hundreds of nanometers) flakes with diameters of over tens of microns on amorphous SiO 2 substrates: coevaporation of Sn at 600 °C and S at 150 °C under Ar flow on SiO 2 substrates held at 600 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Single Crystal SnS₂ Flakes Synthesized from Coevaporation of Sn and S

Yang¹,

Dash²,

Littlejohn³

et al. 2016

Crystal Growth & Design

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Remarkable properties of layered metal dichalcogenides and their potential applications in various fields have raised intense interest worldwide. We report tens of microns-sized ultrathin single crystal SnS 2 flakes grown on amorphous substrates using a simple one-step thermal coevaporation process. X-ray pole figure analysis reveals that a majority of flakes are oriented with the (0001) plane parallel to the substrate and a preferred fiber texture. For few-layer-thick SnS 2 , Moire patterns of 6-fold and 12-fold symmetries are observed by transmission electron microscopy imaging and diffraction. These patterns result from the relative rotation between SnS 2 layers in the ultrathin flake. The 12-fold symmetry is consistent with a known quasicrystal pattern. The photoluminescence spectrum supports that these ultrathin flakes possess a direct bandgap. Carrier lifetime measured by time resolved photoluminescence of a single flake is a few nanoseconds. These results improve our understanding of the formation and shape of ultrathin SnS 2 flakes.

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“…Crystalline nature of the SnS 2 thin films were analyzed by means of Raman spectroscopy with an excitation of 532 nm (Figure ). Raman spectra of the samples present a strong band at 314 cm −1 corresponding to the A 1g vibrational mode of SnS 2 . The 2‐H polytype structure of as prepared and annealed samples are confirmed using this strong Raman band observed at 314 cm −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Raman spectra of the samples present a strong band at 314 cm À1 corresponding to the A 1g vibrational mode of SnS 2 . [44] The 2-H polytype structure of as prepared and annealed samples are confirmed using this strong Raman band observed at 314 cm À1 . This peak agrees with the Raman spectral analysis of the SnS 2 target.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Nanostructured SnS₂ Thin Films from Laser Ablated Nanocolloids: Structure, Morphology, Optoelectronic and Electrochemical Properties

et al. 2018

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Tin disulfide (SnS ) is a binary chalcogenide semiconductor having applications in solar cells, energy storage, and optoelectronics. SnS thin films were deposited by spraying the nanocolloids synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid. The structure, morphology, and optoelectronic properties were studied for films obtained from two liquid media (ethanol and isopropanol) and after heat treatments at various temperatures. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the hexagonal crystal structure of the films, whereas the 2-H polytype structure was identified by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Oxidation states of Sn (4+) and S (2-) identified from high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectra confirmed the composition and chemical states of the films. The SnS thin films exhibited distinct porous surface morphologies as the liquid medium in laser ablation was varied. All as-prepared and annealed films showed photoluminescence with a high intensity peak at 485 nm and a low intensity peak at 545 nm. Thin films annealed at 300 °C showed improved electrochemical properties upon illumination using a blue LED light source. Current-voltage curves recorded in dark and light as well as the photoresponse measurements showed their suitability for utilization in optoelectronic devices. The results of this study may trigger further research towards fabrication of nanostructured thin films in large area for optoelectronic and photoelectrochemical applications in an environment friendly and cost-effective way.

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Solid state synthesis and spectral investigations of nanostructure SnS2

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Current Trends in the Development of Microwave Reactors for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Laboratories and Industries: A Review

Current Trends in the Development of Microwave Reactors for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Laboratories and Industries: A Review

Large Single Crystal SnS₂ Flakes Synthesized from Coevaporation of Sn and S

Nanostructured SnS₂ Thin Films from Laser Ablated Nanocolloids: Structure, Morphology, Optoelectronic and Electrochemical Properties

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Solid state synthesis and spectral investigations of nanostructure SnS2

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Current Trends in the Development of Microwave Reactors for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Laboratories and Industries: A Review

Current Trends in the Development of Microwave Reactors for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Laboratories and Industries: A Review

Large Single Crystal SnS2 Flakes Synthesized from Coevaporation of Sn and S

Nanostructured SnS2 Thin Films from Laser Ablated Nanocolloids: Structure, Morphology, Optoelectronic and Electrochemical Properties

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Large Single Crystal SnS₂ Flakes Synthesized from Coevaporation of Sn and S

Nanostructured SnS₂ Thin Films from Laser Ablated Nanocolloids: Structure, Morphology, Optoelectronic and Electrochemical Properties