Solid state studies on the effect of fillers on the mechanical behaviour of photocured composites

Cellulosic nanocomposites. II. Studies by atomic force microscopy

“…2 Since AFM provides easy access to observations under native and near-native conditions (in contrast to SEM and TEM which are applicable only to biologically inactive, dehydrated samples and generally require extensive sample preparation, such as staining or metal coating 3 ), AFM has often been applied to the study of cellulose fibers and crystals, 4 -10 cellulose derivatives, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] pulp and paper products, 18 -22 and wood 19 under both dry and wet conditions. Gray et al used AFM to study the local surface variations in pulp, such as the orientation of microfibrils and the aspect of fibrillation by beating 18 -20 and such parameters as lamellation for wood.…”

“…4,5 AFM was also often used to evaluate the phase dimensions of cellulosic blends and composites. 11,12,14,[23][24][25][26] Although most of these studies employed topographical imaging alone, there are also several studies which involved phase imaging. For example, the distribution of lignin on the surface of a wood pulp fiber could be visualized on the phase image while it did not appear in the height images.…”

Tape casting and reaction sintering of titanium–titanium oxide–nickel oxide mixtures

“…16 In that case the Young's modulus decreases due to phase separation as a result of differences in hydrophobicity. That is comparable to the situation for our green tapes in which the powder is more hydrophobic than the polymer latex, resulting in the formation of hydrophobic agglomerates.…”

Diffusion of seawater in unsaturated polyester resin and its glass fiber reinforced composites in the presence of titanium dioxide as UV absorber

“…1 The addition of reactive inorganic fillers can considerably modify their solvent resistivity because of strong bonding between fillers and diffusive liquids. 2 The glass-fiber reinforced polymer (GRP) composite has been proposed and tried for critical marine components such as masts, submarine control surfaces, transmission shafts and propellers. This follows the application of GRP composites in primary structures of ships including hull, decks and structural bulkheads, and also to superstructure, nonstructural bulkheads, submarine casings, sonar domes, and radomes etc.…”