Solid-state lighting for the International Space Station: Tests of visual performance and melatonin regulation

Reliability Analysis of Light Emitting Diode Technologies for Cabin Lighting in Manned Space Flight Applications

“…Advantages, similar to those previously mentioned, have been noted by Brainard, Coyle, Ayers, Kemp, Warfied, Maida, Bowen, Bernecker, Lockley, & Hanifin (2012). The International Space Station (ISS) contains fluorescent light technologies for illuminating the astronauts' research and living environments NASA engineers have built a case for replacing fluorescent lighting with LED technology due to advantages such as: (a) lower heat generation, (b) lower power consumption, (c) less weight, (d) greater resistance to damage, (e) less toxic material, (f) elimination of fluorescent tube disposal, and (g) improved reliability.…”

“…The International Space Station (ISS) contains fluorescent light technologies for illuminating the astronauts' research and living environments NASA engineers have built a case for replacing fluorescent lighting with LED technology due to advantages such as: (a) lower heat generation, (b) lower power consumption, (c) less weight, (d) greater resistance to damage, (e) less toxic material, (f) elimination of fluorescent tube disposal, and (g) improved reliability. The fluorescent lamp technology on ISS is aging and there is an acceleration of failures which require replacement, due to a deficiency of NASA flight qualified fluorescent units, LED technologies provides an opportunity for retrofitting the ISS with lighting that has improved efficiency, no mercury, and improved reliability (Brainard et al, 2012). Little is known about which commercially available LED components are the most robust in accordance with aerospace requirements.…”

Human Factor Analysis of Light Emitting Diode Technologies for Cabin Lighting in Manned Space Flight Applications

“…NASA engineers have built a case for replacing fluorescent lighting with LED technology due to advantages such as: (a) lower heat generation, (b) lower power consumption, (c) less weight, (d) greater resistance to damage, (e) less toxic material, (f) elimination of fluorescent tube disposal, and (g) improved reliability. The fluorescent lamp technology on ISS is aging and there is an acceleration of failures which require replacement, due to a deficiency of NASA flight qualified fluorescent units, LED technologies provides an opportunity for retrofitting the ISS with lighting that has improved efficiency, no mercury, and improved reliability (Brainard et al, 2012). Little is known about which commercially available LED components are the most robust in accordance with aerospace requirements.…”

“…The research problem for this study is a government and private aerospace industry problem involving how LEDs cannot replace existing fluorescent lighting in manned space flight vehicles until such technology meets DOD and NASA requirements for manufacturer reliability, color reliability, robustness to environmental test requirements, and degradation effects from operational power, while providing comfortable ambient light free of fatigue, eye strain and/or headache in astronauts (Brainard et al, 2012;Meras et al, 2011). Commercial space designers are required to manage space flight designs in accordance with parts selections made from qualified parts listings approved by DOD and NASA agencies for reliability and safety (Lindenmoyer & Stone, 2010).…”

“…According to Brainard et al (2012) newly designed U.S. spacecraft, and ISS fluorescent tube replacements, must utilize LEDs in lieu of traditional artificial light sources to take advantage of technology improvements. Light emitting diode technologies remain a controversial technology in the aerospace industry, where commercial manufacturers are the only source for procurement.…”