Solid-state drawing of post-consumer isotactic poly(propylene): Effect of melt filtration and carbon black on structural and mechanical properties

Luijsterburg, BJ Benny; Jobse, PS; Spoelstra, AB Anne; Goossens, Jgp Han

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.029

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Methods for calculating the pressure drop at the filter, the average residence time of the melt within the filter, or the self-cleaning efficiency [ 77 , 78 ], can be found there. Furthermore, it has been shown that melt filtration of recycled post-consumer PP is key to achieve higher performance levels, e.g., in solid-state drawing [ 71 ]. However, we are not aware of any work that would systematically elaborate on the effectiveness of different melt filtration systems in removing specific contaminants, especially polymeric ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Composition and Structure–Property Relationships of Commercial Post-Consumer Polyethylene and Polypropylene Recyclates

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current efforts in moving closer towards a circular plastics economy puts massive pressure on recycled plastics, especially recycled polyethylene (rPE) and recycled polypropylene (rPP) to enter new markets. Their market penetration remained low so far, despite PE and PP constituting the largest share of plastic wastes. However, with the current imperative of more circularity comes a new focus on performance of recyclates. Hence, a detailed understanding of composition and structure–property relationships of post-consumer recyclates has to be developed. Five recycling companies from the Austrian and German markets were asked to supply their purest high-quality rPE and rPP grades. These were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and micro-imaging. Technological characterization included density measurements, determination of the melt flow rate (MFR), and Charpy impact testing. All recyclates contained diverse contaminants and inclusions ranging from legacy fillers like calcium carbonate to polymeric contaminants like polyamides or polyolefin cross-contamination. The overall amount, size, and distribution of contaminants varied significantly among suppliers. Furthermore, first structure–property relationships for polyolefin recyclates that link inorganic content and polymeric purity with density and impact performance could be derived.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Composition and Structure–Property Relationships of Commercial Post-Consumer Polyethylene and Polypropylene Recyclates

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Only in case the recycled plastic is produced with a more advanced recycling process which also involve wind sifting and flake sorting machines the concentration foreign polymers can approach such low levels that the recycled plastic does not have to be considered a blend anymore. For example, the concentration foreign polymers in rPET made from separately collected Dutch PPW made with a conventional recycling process and an advanced recycling process has been reported to equal 1.5% and 0.3%, respectively (Thoden van Although several researchers previously established that recycled post-consumer plastics are blends (Luijsterburg et al 2015;Brachet et al 2008;Borovankska et al 2012), few have understood the ramifications for the processing methods and the mechanical properties (Hubo et al 2014;Mehat and Kamaruddin 2011;Gu et al 2014;Luijsterburg et al 2016).…”

Section: Implications For the New Plastics Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melt filters come in different mesh sizes. A smaller mesh size takes out more contaminations; it is more complex in production but will also lead to improved process stability and polymer quality (Luijsterburg et al 2016). The downside of melt-filtration is, however, that substantial material losses occur during either filter changes or back-flushes.…”

Section: Implications For the New Plastics Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive model for the Dutch post-consumer plastic packaging recycling system and implications for the circular economy

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Dutch post-consumer plastic packaging recycling network has been described in detail (both on the level of packaging types and of materials) from the household potential to the polymeric composition of the recycled milled goods. The compositional analyses of 173 different samples of post-consumer plastic packaging from different locations in the network were combined to indicatively describe the complete network with material flow analysis, data reconciliation techniques and process technological parameters. The derived potential of post-consumer plastic packages in the Netherlands in 2014 amounted to 341 Gg net (or 20.2 kg net.cap.a). The complete recycling network produced 75.2 Gg milled goods, 28.1 Gg side products and 16.7 Gg process waste. Hence the net recycling chain yield for post-consumer plastic packages equalled 30%. The end-of-life fates for 35 different plastic packaging types were resolved. Additionally, the polymeric compositions of the milled goods and the recovered masses were derived with this model. These compositions were compared with experimentally determined polymeric compositions of recycled milled goods, which confirmed that the model predicts these compositions reasonably well. Also the modelled recovered masses corresponded reasonably well with those measured experimentally. The model clarified the origin of polymeric contaminants in recycled plastics, either sorting faults or packaging components, which gives directions for future improvement measures.

show abstract

“…injection moulding, extrusion blowing, etc. A good example of design-from-recycling is the dedicated tape extrusion process in which recycled PP is mixed with a compatibilizer and follows a modified extrusion and solid-state drawing process to obtain a markedly better quality [Luijsterburg et al 2016]. Additionally, a plausible option will be to alter the design of the final product, making use of the properties of the recycled pellets to design a suitable process and a suitable product.…”

Section: Enhancing Applicability Of Existing Recycled Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A first assessment of the impact ofimpurities in PP and PE recycled plastics

Chacon

Brouwer

Velzen

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Composition of the sorted products and its representativeness 6.1.2 Mechanical recycling of sorted products 6.2 Processing and analysis of rPP material 6.2.1 rPP processing 4 | Public Wageningen Food & Biobased Research-Report 2030 6.2.2 Polymer melt flow results 6.2.3 Mechanical analysis 6.2.4 Physical, chemical and thermal analysis 6.2.5 Colour characterization 6.3 Processing and analysis of rPE material 6.3.1 rPE processing 6.3.2 Polymer melt flow results 6.3.3 Mechanical analysis 6.3.4 Physical, chemical and thermal analysis 6.3.5 Colour characterization 7 Discussion 7.1 Comparison of the results with scientific literature 7.1.1 Recycled materials as blends 7.1.2 Processing 7.2 Analysing recycled plastics 7.2.1 Polymeric composition of recycled plastics 7.2.2 Melt flow properties 7.3 Properties of recycled PE and PP pellets 7.3.1 Commercial vs. high purity recycled plastics 7.3.2 Factors influencing processing and properties of rPE and rPP 7.4 Towards more circularity 7.4.1 Stricter quality control within the current recycling system 7.4.2 Enhancing applicability of existing recycled plastics 7.4.3 A new system based on advanced sorting technologies 8 Conclusion and recommendations Appendix A

show abstract

Solid-state drawing of post-consumer isotactic poly(propylene): Effect of melt filtration and carbon black on structural and mechanical properties

Cited by 21 publications

References 49 publications

Characterization of Composition and Structure–Property Relationships of Commercial Post-Consumer Polyethylene and Polypropylene Recyclates

Characterization of Composition and Structure–Property Relationships of Commercial Post-Consumer Polyethylene and Polypropylene Recyclates

Predictive model for the Dutch post-consumer plastic packaging recycling system and implications for the circular economy

A first assessment of the impact ofimpurities in PP and PE recycled plastics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About