Solid polymer fuel cell synthesis by low pressure plasmas: a short review

Brault, Pascal; Roualdès, S.; Caillard, Amaël; Thomann, Anne Lise; Mathias, Jacky; Durand, J.; Coutanceau, Christophe; Léger, J. M.; Charles, Christine; Boswell, Rod

doi:10.1051/epjap:2006035

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Though these values are low when compared to proton conductivity of Nafion ® (104mS/cm), they are quite promising with respect to many of the results reported in literature on the plasma deposition of proton conductive membranes [29]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Hydrophilic Fluorocarbon Coatings via Plasma Enhanced-Chemical Vapour Co-Deposition of Acrylic Acid and Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

Vietro¹,

Milella²,

Fracassi³

2017

Jour. Mater. Sci. Eng. Adv. Tech.

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The co-deposition of acrylic acid and hexafluoropropylene oxide in pulsed plasmas was studied with the purpose to obtain wettable fluorocarbon coatings containing carboxylic acid groups, which are potentially useful for several employments, e.g., as proton-exchange membranes for electrochemical applications.It was found that the hydrophilic fluorocarbon thin films with the higher concentration of surface acidic groups can be obtained at lower duty cycle. After one week of immersion in water at 80°C the trends are inverted, the concentration of acidic groups and the wettability increase with the duty cycle.NICOLETTA DE VIETRO et al. 40

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Hydrophilic Fluorocarbon Coatings via Plasma Enhanced-Chemical Vapour Co-Deposition of Acrylic Acid and Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

Vietro¹,

Milella²,

Fracassi³

2017

Jour. Mater. Sci. Eng. Adv. Tech.

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“…Ultra-low Pt loading electrodes (anodes and cathodes) prepared by plasma sputtering technique have led to excellent fuel cell performance (see section II.4). This was partly explained by a very high platinum utilization efficiency, due to its localization very close to the membrane leading to increase the density of the triple phase boundary where electrochemical reactions occurs [46].…”

Section: Ii2 New Preparation Methods Of Efficient Electrode Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Lamy

Jones

Coutanceau

et al. 2011

Electrochimica Acta

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International audienceThe membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key component of a PEMFC stack. Conventional MEAs are composed of catalyzed electrodes loaded with 0.1-0.4 mgPt cm−2 pressed against a Nafion® membrane, leading to cell performance close to 0.8 W cm−2 at 0.6 V. Due to their limited stability at high temperatures, the cost of platinum catalysts and that of proton exchange membranes, the recycling problems and material availability, the MEA components do not match the requirements for large scale development of PEMCFs at a low cost, particularly for automotive applications. Novel approaches to medium and high temperature membranes are described in this work, and a composite polybenzimidazole-poly(vinylphosphonic) acid membrane, stable up to 190 ◦C, led to a power density of 0.5 W cm−2 at 160 ◦C under 3 bar abs with hydrogen and air. Concerning the preparation of efficient electrocatalysts supported on a Vulcan XC72 carbon powder, the Bönnemann colloidal method and above all plasma sputtering allowed preparing bimetallic platinum-based electrocatalysts with a low Pt loading. In the case of plasma deposition of Pt nanoclusters, Pt loadings as low as 10 g cm−2 were achieved, leading to a very high mass power density of ca. 20 kW g−1 Pt . Finally characterization of the MEA electrical properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) based on a theoretical model of mass and charge transport inside the active and gas diffusion layers, together with the optimization of the operating parameters (cell temperature, humidity, flow rate and pressure) allowed obtaining electrical performance greater than 1.2 W cm−2 using an homemade MEA with a rather low Pt loading

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“…Both the electrodes and the membrane electrolytes are expected to be optimized by using low-pressure PECVD. [125] Recent results show that when PEM electrodes deposited with PECVD are used with hydrogen, the power densities delivered are comparable to the ones achieved with commercial electrodes. However, the key difference provided by PECVD is the ability to control the catalyst concentration profile within the electrode allowing the lowering of the catalyst content by almost one order of magnitude with respect to commercial electrodes.…”

Section: Fuel Cell Materialsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The latter decisively contributes to the fact that plasma membranes synthesized in the afterglow mode have lower specific resistances than Nafion, that is, the real efficiency for proton conductivity of plasma-deposited membranes is better than that of the commercial membranes. [125] One of the main problems regarding practical use of DMFCs is the crossover (high permeability) of methanol through the conventional polymer electrolyte membrane used. In this regard, recent results by Ha and co-workers [133] using low-pressure (1 mTorr-0.5 Torr) PECVD to prepare a Nafion/nanosilica composite membrane of variable thickness (controlled by the deposition time) have revealed that the ion conductivity of the composite membrane containing a 10 nm nanosilica film was similar to the unmodified Nafion membrane, while its methanol permeability went down to 40 %.…”

Section: Fuel Cell Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Carbon Nanostructures to New Photoluminescence Sources: An Overview of New Perspectives and Emerging Applications of Low‐Pressure PECVD

Gordillo‐Vázquez¹,

Herrero²,

Tanarro³

2007

Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Low-pressure, plasma-enhanced (PE)CVD is a powerful and versatile technique that has been used for thin-film deposition and surface treatment since the early 1960s. However, it is only recently that it has been used in applications other than the different stages of microelectronic circuit fabrication. Now, PECVD is being used in emerging applications due to new materials and process requirements in a wide variety of areas, such as biomedical applications, solar cells, fuel cell development, fusion research, or the synthesis of silicon nanocrystals showing efficient photoluminescence, useful for future solid-state light sources. These new scenarios have stimulated further development of novel PECVD diagnostic techniques, together with fundamental experimental and theoretical studies aimed at a better understanding of some of the basic processes underlying the plasma/surface interaction. This paper gives an overview of some new research areas where PECVD is finding promising applications.

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Solid polymer fuel cell synthesis by low pressure plasmas: a short review

Cited by 42 publications

References 33 publications

Hydrophilic Fluorocarbon Coatings via Plasma Enhanced-Chemical Vapour Co-Deposition of Acrylic Acid and Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

Hydrophilic Fluorocarbon Coatings via Plasma Enhanced-Chemical Vapour Co-Deposition of Acrylic Acid and Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

From Carbon Nanostructures to New Photoluminescence Sources: An Overview of New Perspectives and Emerging Applications of Low‐Pressure PECVD

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