Solid‐phase microtiter radioimmunoassay for detection of the Norwalk strain of acute nonbacterial, epidemic gastroenteritis virus and its antibodies

Greenberg, Harry B.; Wyatt, Richard G.; Valdesuso, J; Kalica, Anthony R.; London, William T.; Chanock, Robert M.; Kapikian, Albert Z.

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890020204

Cited by 150 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Viruses were tested in the Rotazyme test (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, II1., U.S.A. ; Beards & Bryden, 1981) for the presence of the common group A-specific antigen of mammalian viruses (Pedley et al, 1983) and were subgrouped by using an ELISA test (Thouless et aL, 1982;Greenberg et al, 1983;Follett et aL, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomes of Rotaviruses Isolated from Chronically Infected Immunodeficient Children

Pedley

Hundley

Chrystie

et al. 1984

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYAbnormal RNA migration profiles were found in numerous rotavirus samples from two chronically infected children suffering from severe combined immunodeficiency. In both cases additional bands consisting of dsRNA were found migrating between RNA segments 1 and 7, and in one case RNA segment 11 was lost from the profile. Hybridization studies using segment-specific cloned cDNA probes indicated that some of the additional bands had sequence homologies with normal rotavirus dsRNA segments. In most cases these sequences were derived from genome segments of lower molecular weight by the formation of covalently linked concatemers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomes of Rotaviruses Isolated from Chronically Infected Immunodeficient Children

Pedley

Hundley

Chrystie

et al. 1984

Journal of General Virology

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“…The IAHA test was found to be a very simple and practical technique, requiring only a few hours for completion, compared with the conventional CF test, which required up to 24 hours. Although the IAHA has the advantage of requiring less antigen for its performance than CF, it was soon replaced with another test, the radioimmunoassay (RIA), which uses even less antigen and is more sensitive [52,59,60].…”

Section: Immune Adherence Hemagglutination Assay (Iaha)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed as an alternative method to IEM for the detection of norovirus antigen in stool [59,60]. Convalescent sera from a volunteer experimentally infected with norovirus are used to capture virus antigen.…”

Section: Radioimmunoassay (Ria)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunoglobulin G (IgG) purified and radiolabeled with gamma-radioactive isotopes of iodine, such as 125-I, is used as a detector system. Although the RIA technique is extremely specific and 10 to 100 times more sensitive than IEM, it requires special precautions since radioactive substances are used [60][61][62]. RIA assays have been modified to detect virusspecific antibodies using a blocking format.…”

Section: Radioimmunoassay (Ria)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RIA assays have been modified to detect virusspecific antibodies using a blocking format. Several RIA blocking techniques have been developed for the detection of antibodies to noroviruses; these assays appeared to be 10 to > 200 times more sensitive than the IAHA [60][61][62].…”

Section: Radioimmunoassay (Ria)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis: limits and potential of currently available procedures

Sidoti

Rittá

Costa

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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The diagnostic approaches to viral gastroenteritis have evolved substantially over the past decades because of the advances in detection methods, the emergence of new pathogens, and the increase in diarrhea hospitalizations attributed to viruses, especially in young children in non-industrialized countries. Overall, these factors have lead to a relevant improvement of types and operating characteristics of diagnostic methods (including sensitivity and specificity), as well as turnaround time. In this review, clinical and laboratory approaches to the diagnosis of viruses causing gastroenteritis are presented; in particular, specimen collection and detection methods are reviewed and discussed, taking into account performance and limitations.

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Homotypic and heterotypic IgG and IgM antibody responses in adults infected with small round structured viruses

Hale¹,

Lewis

Jiang

et al. 1998

J. Med. Virol.

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Antibody responses to recombinant Norwalk (rNV) and Mexico (rMXV) viral capsid proteins were studied in 39 adults involved in outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with genogroup 2 small round structured viruses (SRSVs). Nineteen individuals were involved in outbreaks associated with MXV-like strains and 20 in outbreaks associated with four other genogroup 2 SRSVs. IgG antibodies were measured in acute and convalescent sera using indirect enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and IgM was measured by indirect and capture ELISAs. Nineteen (49%) patients demonstrated a significant rise in IgG to rMXV with four (10%) patients also showing anamnestic responses to rNV. Fourteen patients were positive in the rMXV IgM-capture ELISA, representing 74% of patients demonstrating IgG rises. IgG and IgM responses to rMXV were observed in both groups, although higher levels of responses were seen in adults infected with MXV-like strains than those infected with non-MXV genogroup 2 viruses. No significant IgM responses were observed to rNV. These results indicate that, following SRSV infection, adults show a rise in antibody which is broadly reactive to viruses within but not between genogroups, although greater homotypic than heterotypic responses are produced. These findings have implications for interpretation of seroepidemiological studies and serodiagnosis of SRSV infections using recombinant capsids.

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Solid‐phase microtiter radioimmunoassay for detection of the Norwalk strain of acute nonbacterial, epidemic gastroenteritis virus and its antibodies

Cited by 150 publications

References 19 publications

The Genomes of Rotaviruses Isolated from Chronically Infected Immunodeficient Children

The Genomes of Rotaviruses Isolated from Chronically Infected Immunodeficient Children

Diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis: limits and potential of currently available procedures

Homotypic and heterotypic IgG and IgM antibody responses in adults infected with small round structured viruses

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