Solid-phase microextraction in bioanalysis: New devices and directions

Use of a novel technique, solid phase microextraction, to measure tranexamic acid in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

“…This validation of the SPME extraction technique for TXA results in adding another medication to the long list of analytes that have been investigated previously. 2,[18][19][20][21] It demonstrates potential of this analytical method to be applied for measurements of other agents of interest in clinical medicine.…”

“…It offers several advantages over other analytical extraction techniques, making it potentially attractive for use in clinical medicine. 1,2 Even though the technique has been around for two decades, its application in the medical sciences has been poorly explored. Solid phase microextraction theoretically poses several advantages over other methods used to measure drug and substance concentrations, 3 including its ease of use, the requirement of only small volumes of plasma or other body fluids, and the potential to measure total and free concentrations of multiple drugs, their metabolites, and substances they may influence from a single body fluid or tissue sample.…”

“…Solid phase microextraction theoretically poses several advantages over other methods used to measure drug and substance concentrations, 3 including its ease of use, the requirement of only small volumes of plasma or other body fluids, and the potential to measure total and free concentrations of multiple drugs, their metabolites, and substances they may influence from a single body fluid or tissue sample. [1][2][3] In addition, this method uses biocompatible sorbents immobilized on small fibres housed in a needle assembly system that can potentially be used in in vivo systems. 1 Because of its antifibrinolytic effects, tranexamic acid (TXA) is routinely used during cardiac surgical procedures to minimize blood loss.…”

Principles and Applications of LC-MS/MS for the Quantitative Bioanalysis of Analytes in Various Biological Samples

“…A quadrupole TOF-MS was interfaced with a NanoMate system for immunosuppressant quantification is described with automated clean-up of the hemolysed samples by chromatographic zip-tips and direct injection to an 400 nozzle nano flow-ESI chip source without further chromatographic separation (Almeida et al, 2008). SPE materials can be packed in permanently used syringes of autosamplers as well and also referred to as solid phase micro extraction (SPME) or microextraction by packed sorbents (MEPS) (Blomberg et al, 2009;Vuckovic et al, 2010). Reliable methods can be applied in modern high-end autosampler devices (e.g., CTC PAL) and can be used an alternative to on-line SPE.…”

Current Developments and Future Trends in Solid-phase Microextraction Techniques for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analyses

“…3·1). 81,82 2·5 New coatings and devices for SPME Polypyrrole 34 and polythiophene coatings are intrinsic conducting polymers, which are positively charged and can be utilized for the efficient extraction of polar, aromatic and anionic compounds.…”