Solid lubrication by decomposition of carbon monoxide and other gases

Blanchet, Thierry A.; Lauer, J. L.; Liew, Y. F.; Rhee, Sang-In; Sawyer, W. Gregory

doi:10.1016/0257-8972(94)90200-3

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, numerous finite-element solutions have been performed in the process of deriving approximate solutions to the contact of compliant elastic layers [4,[12][13][14][15]. Thin and compliant surface films are ubiquitous in tribology [16,17], and are often a critical part of the lubrication strategy, examples include: self-assembled monolayers [18][19][20], transfer films [21,22], and other tribofilms and anti-wear films that are generated during operation [23][24][25]. This theory is entirely based on the conservation of energy, and the models are developed using an elastic foundation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy, Adhesion, and the Elastic Foundation

Hill

Sawyer

2009

Tribol Lett

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A theory for elastic contact adhesion between a rigid sphere and an elastic foundation is developed. The theory derives relationships between the contact deformation and the externally applied force. The derivation is based on elastic contact between a sphere and a thin linearelastic foundation in which the strain energies are balanced by the work of indentation and the change in surface energy. Contacting regimes where there is either compressive strain energy or only tensile strain energy (pull-off regime) are both treated. The model is non-dimensionalized and an order of magnitude analysis is performed in order to develop simplified closed form solutions; the simplified model is then evaluated and compared to the full solution. This theory finds that the adhesion force is significantly larger for an elastic foundation in which the surface elements act independently as compared to more traditional solutions for elastic solids. The theory gives an adhesion force of F adh ffi 7pRDc:

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy, Adhesion, and the Elastic Foundation

Hill

Sawyer

2009

Tribol Lett

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The removal rate is essentially Archard like (i.e., having a linear dependence on normal load F n ), and the details of the contact area, wear rate, and sliding speed are lumped into b. The only reason that sliding speed did not appear in [4] was that the original study was conducted at constant sliding speed. The authors successfully mapped out regimes of adequate (low friction) and inadequate (high friction) lubrication.…”

Section: Discussion and Analysis Of The Carbonaceous Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of vapor phase lubrication with carbonaceous gases, the elevated temperature makes in situ studies of the competitive rates of formation and removal challenging. In competitive rates modeling efforts, Blanchet et al [4] first treated the process as a thin film growth and removal process where the net rate of carbon solid lubricant accumulation on the surface could be described by Eq. 1.…”

Section: Discussion and Analysis Of The Carbonaceous Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the designs of Lauer and co-authors [11] and Blanchet et al [4], a commercially available high-temperature pin-on-disk tribometer (CSM) was modified to have a dual chamber design (the inner chamber was at elevated temperature and contained acetylene and nitrogen gas, whereas the outer chamber acted as a nitrogen dilution/safety chamber). The tribometer schematic is provided in Fig.…”

Section: High-temperature Tribometermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors' approach is essentially not destructive of the solid wear surface… Over the years, vapor phase lubrication with a number of different carbonaceous gases and tribological materials has been successfully demonstrated in the laboratory. The range of materials includes high performance ceramics (nitrides [3][4][5][6], carbides [2,3], metal-oxides [2,3]) and high-temperature metals and alloys (bearing steels [3,7,8], stainless steels [3], and nickel super alloys [1,3]). The range of gas chemistries include a wide variety of hydrocarbons (ethane, ethylene, acetylene, benzene, propane, and 1-propanol) [1,2,5,[9][10][11] as well as mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and a simulated rich burn turbine engine exhaust gas [4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High-Temperature Vapor Phase Lubrication Using Carbonaceous Gases

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Following the pioneering work of Prof. James Lauer, the ability to provide continuous solid lubrication through vapor phase delivery of carbonaceous gases has been successfully demonstrated on a pin-on-disk contact at the temperatures of 650°C. Results from tribological experiments under 2 N normal load and 50 mm/s sliding speed showed an over 209 reduction in friction coefficient. The samples were silicon nitride (pin) versus CMSX-4 (disk) and the experiments when run in a nitrogen environment with acetylene admixtures. Two repeat experiments gave average friction coefficients of l = 0.03 and l = 0.02. The process was robust and provided low friction for the entire 500 m of sliding. Using focused ionbeam milling, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and confocal Raman spectroscopy, the resulting solid lubricant was found to be oriented microcrystalline graphite.

show abstract

Comparison of various C₂H_x for high‐temperature lubrication by in situ pyrolysis

Holmes

Sawyer

Blanchet

2000

Lubrication Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability of directed streams of three representative hydrocarbon gases ‐ acetylene C2H4, ethylene C2H4, and ethane C2H6 ‐ to provide extended‐duration lubrication to high‐temperature sliding contacts via surface deposition of pyrolytic carbon has been demonstrated. One order‐ and two order‐of‐magnitude reductions in friction coefficient and wear rate of self‐mated silicon nitride sliding contacts can be realised by this technique. The ability of these gases to provide ‘adequate’ lubrication at high temperature is illustrated through mapping the normal load/temperature/precursor flow rate space over which reduced friction may be maintained. Acetylene was the most effective precursor for pyrolytic carbon deposition, providing adequate lubrication over the broadest range of normal load/temperature/flow rate combinations, while ethane was the least effective. The boundary of the regions of adequate lubrication represents the locus of contact conditions with equal rates of lubricious carbon deposition and removal by wear. The shape of this boundary, as explored in the mapping study, supports a proposed model in which the removal rate is proportional to the product of normal load and sliding speed, while the deposition rate is proportional to the product of precursor flow rate and an Arrhenius temperature dependence.

show abstract

Solid lubrication by decomposition of carbon monoxide and other gases

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Energy, Adhesion, and the Elastic Foundation

Energy, Adhesion, and the Elastic Foundation

High-Temperature Vapor Phase Lubrication Using Carbonaceous Gases

Comparison of various C₂H_x for high‐temperature lubrication by in situ pyrolysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Solid lubrication by decomposition of carbon monoxide and other gases

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Energy, Adhesion, and the Elastic Foundation

Energy, Adhesion, and the Elastic Foundation

High-Temperature Vapor Phase Lubrication Using Carbonaceous Gases

Comparison of various C2Hx for high‐temperature lubrication by in situ pyrolysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Comparison of various C₂H_x for high‐temperature lubrication by in situ pyrolysis