Solid–Liquid-Phase Equilibria of Quaternary System K+, Mg2+, Na+//Cl––H2O at 278.15 and 288.15 K

Chen, Jiayi; Luo, Miao; Chen, Hang; Song, Xingfu

doi:10.1021/acs.jced.3c00170

Cited by 4 publications

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“…There have been some experimental studies that relate to the quaternary system K + , Mg 2+ //Cl – , SO 4 2– -H 2 O, as described below: the ternary system K + , Mg 2+ //Cl – -H 2 O at 273.2, , 278.2, 288.2, 298.2, 323.2, 348.2, , and 373.2 K; ternary system K + , Mg 2+ //SO 4 2– -H 2 O at 273.2, 298.2, , 318.2, 323.2, 348.2, 358.2, and 373.2 K; , ternary system K + //Cl – , SO 4 2– -H 2 O at 273.2, 298.2, 323.2, 348.2, and 373.2 K; , ternary system Mg 2+ //Cl – , SO 4 2– -H 2 O at 298.2, 303.2, 323.2, 348.2, and 373.2 K; and quaternary system K + , Mg 2+ //Cl – , SO 4 2– -H 2 O at 273.2, 288.2, 298.2, 308.2, 328.2, 348.2, and 373.2 K . The results showed that magnesium sulfate exists in a variety of hydrate crystalline forms and is prone to form a variety of double salts with potassium salts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^–, SO₄^2–-H₂O at T = 363.2 K

Du,

Zeng,

et al. 2024

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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To prepare for the exploitation of deep-buried polyhalite resources, the phase equilibria of the ternary system K + //Cl − , SO 4 2− -H 2 O, Mg 2+ //Cl − , SO 4 2− -H 2 O and the quaternary system K + , Mg 2+ //Cl − , SO 4 2− -H 2 O at 363.2 K were investigated by using the isothermal dissolution method. The solubility and density of the systems were measured experimentally, and the related phase diagrams and density vs composition diagrams were plotted. The ternary systems K + //Cl − , SO 4 2− -H 2 O and Mg 2+ // Cl − , SO 4 2− -H 2 O are simple systems at 363.2 K. Both systems have one invariant point corresponding to the solid phases sylvite (KCl) + arcanite (K 2 SO 4 ) and bischofite (MgCl 2 •6H 2 O) + kieserite (MgSO 4 •H 2 O), respectively. The quaternary system K + , Mg 2+ // Cl − , SO 4 2− -H 2 O generates four double salts corresponding to carnallite (KCl•MgCl 2 •6H 2 O), kainite (KMg(SO 4 )Cl•3H 2 O), langbeinite (K 2 SO 4 •2MgSO 4 ), and leonite (K 2 SO 4 •MgSO 4 •4H 2 O), and the phase diagram consists of 7 quaternary invariant points, 14 isothermal dissolution curves, and 8 crystallization regions at 363.2 K. By comparing the phase diagram of the quaternary system at 348.2, 363.2, and 373.2 K, it can be seen that the crystallization region of K 2 SO 4 •MgSO 4 grow significantly with the increase of temperature, whereas the crystallization regions of MgSO 4 •H 2 O, KCl, and K 2 SO 4 shrink and the crystallization region of K 2 SO 4 •MgSO 4 •4H 2 O is on the verge of disappearing at 363.2 K. Based on the Pitzer−Simonson−Clegg (PSC) model, the solubility data of the ternary subsystems and the quaternary system were calculated. The results showed that the calculated values were close to the experimental values.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^–, SO₄^2–-H₂O at T = 363.2 K

Du,

Zeng,

et al. 2024

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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“…Product yield is limited by the phase equilibrium of the system. Many studies have focused on phase equilibrium in the ternary system K + , Mg 2+ //Cl – -H 2 O. − Due to the presence of NaCl in the brine system, solid–liquid phase equilibria of the system K + , Na + , Mg 2+ //Cl – -H 2 O was also investigated . Besides yield, the particle size distribution is also an essential indicator for evaluating KCl production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastable Zone Width and Primary Nucleation Kinetics for Crystallization of KCl from a KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O System

Wang,

Luo,

Chen

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Effects of MgCl 2 and NaCl mass fraction, stirring rate, cooling rate, and flotation reagent on metastable zone width of KCl in the aqueous system K + , Mg 2+ //Cl − -H 2 O were investigated by a laser method. Metastable zone width increases with a decrease in stirring rate and saturation temperature and an increase in cooling rate. Moreover, metastable zone width increases significantly with the presence of dodecyl morpholine (DMP). The effect mechanism was revealed by molecular dynamics simulation. It demonstrated that diffusion inhibition in K + of DMP contributes to the increase in metastable zone width. Furthermore, the self-consistent Nyvlt-like equation and classical 3D nucleation theory were employed to study primary nucleation kinetics of KCl with acceptable accuracy. The activation energies E sat of the KCl nucleation process calculated by the self-consistent Nyvlt-like equation and classical 3D nucleation theory are 14.88 and 11.91 kJ/mol, respectively. Research on metastable zone width provides a thermodynamic basis for KCl production process optimization from cold decomposition of carnallite.

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Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria in the Ternary Systems Rb⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^–-H₂O and Cs⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^–-H₂O at T = 288.2 K

Li,

Xiong,

Zeng

et al. 2024

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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at 288.2 K were studied by the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method, the solubilities, densities, and refractive indices of these two systems were measured experimentally, and the corresponding phase diagram, density diagram, and refractive index diagram were plotted. At 288.2 K, the ternary systems Rb + ,Mg 2+ //Cl − -H 2 O and Cs + ,Mg 2+ //Cl − -H 2 O are complex systems with similar structures of the phase diagram. Both phase diagrams consist of two invariant points, three isothermal dissolution curves, and three crystallization regions. The multitemperature diagram illustrates the complexity of the ternary systems, with double salt formation occurring at different temperatures while maintaining a constant content of crystal water. As temperature increases, the crystallization region of salts decreases, indicating an increase in solubility of salts within the two systems. According to the experimental data, the interaction parameters of the ternary system and the K sp of the double salt were fitted. The Pitzer model was applied to predict the phase diagrams, and a comparison of the experiment and theoretical calculation revealed a high degree of agreement between the predicted and experimental phase diagrams.

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Solid–Liquid-Phase Equilibria of Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺//Cl^––H₂O at 278.15 and 288.15 K

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^–, SO₄^2–-H₂O at T = 363.2 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^–, SO₄^2–-H₂O at T = 363.2 K

Metastable Zone Width and Primary Nucleation Kinetics for Crystallization of KCl from a KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O System

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria in the Ternary Systems Rb⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^–-H₂O and Cs⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^–-H₂O at T = 288.2 K

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Solid–Liquid-Phase Equilibria of Quaternary System K+, Mg2+, Na+//Cl––H2O at 278.15 and 288.15 K

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K+, Mg2+//Cl–, SO42–-H2O at T = 363.2 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K+, Mg2+//Cl–, SO42–-H2O at T = 363.2 K

Metastable Zone Width and Primary Nucleation Kinetics for Crystallization of KCl from a KCl-MgCl2-H2O System

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria in the Ternary Systems Rb+,Mg2+//Cl–-H2O and Cs+,Mg2+//Cl–-H2O at T = 288.2 K

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Solid–Liquid-Phase Equilibria of Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺//Cl^––H₂O at 278.15 and 288.15 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^–, SO₄^2–-H₂O at T = 363.2 K

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Aqueous Quaternary System K⁺, Mg²⁺//Cl^–, SO₄^2–-H₂O at T = 363.2 K

Metastable Zone Width and Primary Nucleation Kinetics for Crystallization of KCl from a KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O System

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria in the Ternary Systems Rb⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^–-H₂O and Cs⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^–-H₂O at T = 288.2 K