Solid Electrolyte Materials, Devices, and Applications

Joshi, A. V.; Steppan, J. J.; Taylor, Dale M.; Elangovan, S.

doi:10.1007/s10832-004-5168-x

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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Section: Solid Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…27 The maximum conductivity has been found with 20% strontium and 15-20% magnesium. 27 Transition metals such as cobalt and iron can increase conductivity, 28 but can also lead to undesired increases in electronic conductivity. 29 Solid-oxide fuel cells most commonly use oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte, but proton-conducting oxides have also been used in high-temperature fuel cells.…”

Section: Solid Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Materials challenges for solid-oxide fuel cells

Fergus

2007

JOM

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Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can be used for effi cient energy conversion with a variety of fuels. The fuel tolerance of SOFCs is due primarily to the high operating temperature, which accelerates reactions in the fuel. However, the high temperature accelerates unwanted reactions and creates materials challenges, so intermediate-temperature SOFCs are being developed. Reduction of the operating temperature requires solid electrolyte materials with higher conductivities, which can create new compatibility issues. In this paper, materials challenges in the development of SOFCs will be discussed.

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Section: Solid Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Solid Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Materials challenges for solid-oxide fuel cells

Fergus

2007

JOM

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“…Interestingly, when ozone is insufflated at a final concentration of 0.2-0.5 g/mL in a thermostatically-controlled (30-42°C) ozone-resistant cabinet, an individual with the head well-insulated out of the cabinet can simultaneously receive a useful effect on about 90% of its body surface and a stimulating metabolic reaction [50,51]. Numerous patents with controlled ozonated environ-ment for use in the beauty treatment of skin have been also filed [38,[52][53][54].…”

Section: Topical Applications Of Gaseous Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Applications of Ozone and Ozonated Oils as Anti-Infective Agents: An Insight into the Patent Claims

Travagli¹,

Zanardi²,

Bocci³

2009

PRI

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Orthodox medicine has been very active in the field of topical anti-infective agents and current chemotherapy has procured valid antibiotics, antivirals, vaccines, antibodies, and antiparasitic drugs to be parenterally and/or topically used. However, these drugs may cause side effects and sometimes provide unsatisfactory results because pathogens become drug-resistant. Another drawback is represented by their cost, which compromise their use or their availability in poor Countries. Therefore, there is a critical need for new strategies to treat dermatological affections. The old intuition for using ozone in the treatment of necrotic wounds, especially if due to anaerobic bacteria, is now justified by the studies about reactive oxygen species generation by granulocytes and macrophages as the first line of defense during an infection. As a consequence, the disinfectant value of ozone has been increasingly appreciated during the last fifteen years. This review summarizes the patents filed and issued, with particular emphasis to the more recent patents, about the anti-infective topical use of ozone: i) in the gaseous form; ii) after gaseous ozone saturation of aqueous, not-oily pharmaceutical vehicles and solvents; iii) where gaseous ozone chemically reacts with unsaturated substrates leading to therapeutically active ozonated derivatives. We hope that recent advances and a better understanding of the ozone chemistry and biology will be able to create the mental attitude to prove the validity of large-scale therapeutic use of both ozone and ozone derivatives as topical anti-infective agents by performing multicenter, randomized clinical studies, as aptly requested by orthodox medicine.

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“…The SEOS [71,72] process employs an electrochemical stack fabricated from hightemperature solid electrolytes to produce high-purity oxygen at elevated pressure from a feed stream of ambient-pressure air (Figure 12.11). Whilst the early SEOS systems used YSZ as a solid electrolyte, at present a doped-ceria, operating at temperatures in excess of 600 C, is preferred.…”

Section: Examples Of Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Temperature Applications of Solid Electrolytes: Fuel Cells, Pumping, and Conversion

Fouletier

Ghetta

2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

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High-temperature, solid-state electrochemical reactors have numerous current and potential applications. In this chapter, we briefly review the various modes of operation of cells involving a solid electrolyte conducting by oxide ions or protons, either for energy generation or fine chemicals production. The specific requirements of the materials constituting the cell core are outlined, after which examples of current applications are briefly described. These include oxygen and hydrogen pumping, atmosphere control, intermediate-and high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells, and catalytic membrane reactors. IntroductionCeramic electrochemical reactors are currently undergoing intense investigation, the aim being not only to generate electricity but also to produce chemicals. Typically, ceramic dense membranes are either pure ionic (solid electrolyte; SE) conductors or mixed ionic-electronic conductors (MIECs). In this chapter we review the developments of cells that involve a dense solid electrolyte (oxide-ion or proton conductor), where the electrical transfer of matter requires an external circuitry. When a dense ceramic membrane exhibits a mixed ionic-electronic conduction, the driving force for mass transport is a differential partial pressure applied across the membrane (this point is not considered in this chapter, although relevant information is available in specific reviews).Solid-state electrochemical cells based on pure ionic conductors -which often are referred to as solid-electrolyte membrane reactors (SEMRs) -have numerous current or potential applications, including the production of high-purity oxygen by separating nitrogen and oxygen from the air; the control of oxygen in a gas or in a molten metal (oxygen pump or an oxygen getter, a form of oxygen-trapping device);

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Solid Electrolyte Materials, Devices, and Applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Materials challenges for solid-oxide fuel cells

Materials challenges for solid-oxide fuel cells

Topical Applications of Ozone and Ozonated Oils as Anti-Infective Agents: An Insight into the Patent Claims

High‐Temperature Applications of Solid Electrolytes: Fuel Cells, Pumping, and Conversion

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