Sole structures as a tool for depositional environment interpretation; a case study

Abstract

. (2014) Sole struc tures as a tool for depositional en vi ron ment in ter pre ta tion; a case study from the Oligocene Cergowa Sand stone, Dukla Unit (Outer Carpathians, Slovakia). Geo log i cal Quar terly, 58 (1): 41-50, doi: 10.7306/gq.1128 Sole struc tures, typ i cally de vel oped on basal bed ding sur faces of turbidite sand stones, are com monly used as palaeocurrent in di ca tors and in di ca tors of the cur rent abil ity to erode. De tailed anal y sis of types and fre quency of sole struc tures in the 128-m-thick suc ces sion of Lower Oligocene Cergowa Sand stone (Outer West ern Carpathians) also shows their po ten tial as an in di ca tor of flow prop er ties dur ing the de po si tion. The mas sive and amal gam ated sand stones, pre dom i nantly con tain ing load struc tures and mi nor grooves with uni di rec tional ori en ta tion, are sug gested to be de pos ited by high-den sity tur bid ity currents and de bris flows. A wide range of sole struc tures in thick and me dium thick-bed ded sand stones, sug gest ing oblique and re verse flows com pared to the main palaeoflow di rec tion, im plies de po si tion from den sity-strat i fied flows where the lower, denser part has a ten dency to de flect when hits a ba sin floor ob sta cle. The up per, less dense part has an abil ity to come over the ob sta cle and shows only small scat ter in the palaeocurrent di rec tion.

Sole marks reveal deep-marine depositional process and environment: Implications for flow transformation and hybrid-event-bed models

“…1, also proposes that, as different morphological elements in submarine depositional systems can exhibit unique sets of flow and deposit types, sole marks may also store information on type of morphological element and distance along submarine depositional systems (cf. Dirnerová and Janočko 2014). The present paper provides field data from the deep-marine Aberystwyth Grits Group (Silurian, West Wales, U.K.) that, for the first time, critically assess the relationships between sole-mark type and flow properties, deposit type, and type of depositional environment that underpin the model of Peakall et al (2020), and use these relationships to aid process models for SGFs.…”

Mud‐rich low‐density turbidites in structurally‐controlled intraslope mini‐basin: The influence of flow containment on depositional processes and sedimentation patterns (Szczawa, Oligocene, Polish Outer Carpathians)

“…The thickness of slide complex is about 3 m. It is directly succeeded by the HEB, which fills the uneven upper surface of the underlying olistostrome and cuts large grooves in the slide material (cf. Dirnerová & Janočko, 2014; Peakall et al ., 2020; Baas et al ., 2021). The second olistostrome is located about 100 m above the end point of the Szczawa/2 section (Fig.…”