Solar UV light regulates flavonoid metabolism in apple (<i>Malus</i> x <i>domestica)</i>

Henry-Kirk, Rebecca A.; Plunkett, Blue; Hall, Miriam; McGhie, Tony K.; Allan, Andrew C.; Wargent, Jason J.; Espley, Richard V.

doi:10.1111/pce.13125

Cited by 152 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…In contrast, UV‐B induced anthocyanin production is mainly caused by the activation of downstream biosynthetic genes and MYB TFs, as shown in apple, blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and grape berries ( V. vinifera × V. labrusca cv. Summer Black) (Henry‐Kirk et al ., ; Yang et al ., ; Sheng et al ., ). Our results suggest that the miR156a−MLNC3.2 and MLNC4.6− SPL2‐like and SPL33 network is not involved in anthocyanin accumulation in response to UV‐B treatment, and that the anthocyanin accumulation in UV‐B treated apple fruit results from the expression of SPL TFs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Systematic identification of long noncoding RNAs expressed during light‐induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple fruit

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2019

The Plant Journal

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Summary Anthocyanin pigments contribute to the red color of apple (Malus × domestica) fruit and have a major influence on their ornamental, dietary and market value. In this study, we investigated the potential role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in anthocyanin biosynthesis. RNA‐seq analysis of apple peels from the ‘Red Fuji’ cultivar during light‐induced rapid anthocyanin accumulation revealed 5297 putative lncRNAs. Differential expression analysis further showed that lncRNAs were induced during light treatment and were involved in photosynthesis. Using the miRNA−lncRNA−mRNA network and endogenous target mimic (eTM) analysis, we predicted that two differentially expressed lncRNAs, MLNC3.2 and MLNC4.6, were potential eTMs for miRNA156a and promoted the expression of the SPL2‐like and SPL33 transcription factors. Transient expression in apple fruit and stable transformation of apple callus showed that overexpression of the eTMs and SPLs promoted anthocyanin accumulation, with the opposite results in eTM and SPL‐silenced fruit. Silencing or overexpressing of miR156a also affected the expression of the identified eTMs and SPLs. These results indicated that MLNC3.2 and MLNC4.6 function as eTMs for miR156a and prevent cleavage of SPL2‐like and SPL33 by miR156a during light‐induced anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our study provides fundamental insights into lncRNA involvement in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in apple fruit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Systematic identification of long noncoding RNAs expressed during light‐induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple fruit

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2019

The Plant Journal

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“…In addition, the biosynthesis of iso avonoids which participated in plant growth, development and stress resistance [19,20], was signi cantly higher in GE than in the other three free-grazing grasslands (Additional le 2), thus, it was not di cult to recognize that GE possessed higher glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, and higher activity of glycosyltransferases than FG (Additional le 3). This was because the iso avonoid biosynthesis required the participation and catalysis of a large number of glycan and glycosyltransferases [21].…”

Section: Effect Of Grazing Exclusion On the Ecological Functions Of Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil bacterial community and functions directly respond to grazing exclusion in a Leymus chinensis steppe of Inner Mongolia, China

Deng

Bai

Zhu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Grazing exclusion is a common grassland management strategy for restoring degraded grasslands. Its effectiveness on optimizing plant species community, increasing vegetation diversity and biomass, improving soil fertility, has been widely documented in literatures. However, little is known on the responses of the absolute abundance and the ecological functions of soil bacterial community to long-term grazing exclusion. Result In this study, the absolute abundance, diversity, and ecological functions of soil bacterial community were determined by the high-throughput absolute quantitative sequencing technology on a long-term grazing exclusion (40 years, GE) area and three free grazing areas (FGs) within a Leymus chinensis steppe of Inner Mongolia, China, and analyzed the driving forces leading to the variations in soil bacterial community and functions. Our results showed that there was significantly higher soil bacterial abundance in the GE than the FGs along with corresponding variations in vegetation and soil properties. With the decrease of vegetation aboveground biomass, the absolute abundance of soil bacterial community also decreased. Among the phyla of the soil bacterial communities, the relative abundances of Chloroflexi and Firmicutes phyla were especially lower, and that of Verrucomicrobia phylum was higher in the GE than the FGs; the absolute abundances of Euryarchaeota and Microgenomates phyla were especially higher in the GE than the FGs. Conclusions This study suggested that long-term grazing exclusion significantly increased the absolute abundance, changed soil bacterial composition, and especially enhanced bacterial motility and chemotaxis. In particular, soil organic matter was the important agent to influence and connect vegetation and soil. This work will enrich our understanding of the responses of absolute abundance, diversity, and function of the soil bacterial community to long-term grazing exclusion, and help the evaluation of grassland degradation degree and restoration strategy effectiveness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased biosynthesis of phenolic compounds frequently occurs in plants as a response to many environmental factors including temperature, light and nutrient availability. 5,8,9 Nitrogen, which is a vital nutrient, is an extremely important factor affecting the production of phenolic compounds in plants, and a reduction in nitrogen availability generally increases the level of phenolic compounds in plants. [10][11][12] Chemical assays, such as ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays, are some of the most widely used methods for the evaluation of antioxidant activity in vegetables because of advantages such as low cost, as well as simple and rapid operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced nitrogen supply enhances the cellular antioxidant potential of phenolic extracts through alteration of the phenolic composition in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Zhou

Liang

Zhang³

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Nitrogen availability is an important environmental factor that determines the production of phenolic compounds in vegetables, but the relationship between low nitrogen‐induced alterations of phenolic compounds in vegetable crops and the cellular antioxidant activities of these compounds remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of reduced nitrogen supply (0.05 mmol L−1 nitrate) on phenolic metabolism in lettuce and the protective role of phenolic extracts against H2O2‐induced oxidative stress in Caco‐2 cells by determining cell damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and antioxidant enzyme activities. RESULTS Reduced nitrogen supply significantly improved the accumulation of phenolic compounds in lettuce, which was partially correlated with the upregulation of genes related to the phenolic synthesis pathway. Phenolic extracts from lettuce cultivated in low‐nitrogen medium exhibited a better protective effect against H2O2‐induced oxidative damage in Caco‐2 cells than those from lettuce cultivated with adequate nitrogen. These extracts act by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and, subsequently, by inhibiting ROS overproduction, which leads to a decrease in mitochondrial membrane and DNA damage. The results of HPLC and correlation analyses implied that the improvement in the protective capacity of lettuce extracts after low‐nitrogen treatment may be related, not only to the increased content of phenolic compounds, but also to the increased percentage contribution of chlorogenic acid and quercetin derivatives to the total phenolic content. CONCLUSION Reduction in nitrogen supply can be a powerful strategy to modify phenolic metabolism and composition in lettuce and, consequently, to improve their antioxidant capacity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Solar UV light regulates flavonoid metabolism in apple (Malus x domestica)

Cited by 152 publications

References 84 publications

Systematic identification of long noncoding RNAs expressed during light‐induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple fruit

Systematic identification of long noncoding RNAs expressed during light‐induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple fruit

Soil bacterial community and functions directly respond to grazing exclusion in a Leymus chinensis steppe of Inner Mongolia, China

Reduced nitrogen supply enhances the cellular antioxidant potential of phenolic extracts through alteration of the phenolic composition in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

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