Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation at Zackenberg: The Impact on Higher Plants and Soil Microbial Communities

Rinnan, Riikka; Ro‐Poulsen, H.; Mikkelsen, Teis Nørgaard; Håkansson, Kirsten Birch; Arndal, Marie Frost; Michelsen, Anders

doi:10.1016/s0065-2504(07)00018-9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Thus, the diurnal variation in irradiance may potentially mediate a variable PSII performance response. This is indicated from other short-term studies of photosynthetic performance responses to solar UV radiation in High Arctic ecosystems (Bredahl et al 2004, Albert et al 2008a, 2008b, but a thorough investigation is needed to clarify whether the PSII performance responses vary with the PAR irradiance and if the response patterns persist for a longer time period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar UV‐B effects on PSII performance in Betula nana are influenced by PAR level and reduced by EDU: results of a 3‐year experiment in the High Arctic

Mikkelsen¹,

Ro‐Poulsen

Arndal

et al. 2012

Physiologia Plantarum

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The long-term and diurnal responses of photosystem II (PSII) performance to near-ambient UV-B radiation were investigated in High Arctic Betula nana. We conducted an UV exclusion experiment with five replicated blocks consisting of open control (no filter), photosynthetic active radiation and UV-B transparent filter control (Teflon), UV-B-absorbing filter (Mylar) and UV-AB-absorbing filter (Lexan). Ethylenediurea (EDU), a chemical normally used to protect plants against ozone injury, was sprayed on the leaves both in the field and in an additional laboratory study to investigate if EDU mitigated the effects of UV-B. Chlorophyll-a fluorescence induction curves were used for analysis of OJIP test parameters. Near-ambient UV-B radiation reduced across season maximum quantum yield (TR(o) /ABS = F(v) /F(m)), approximated number of active PSII reaction center (RC/ABS) and the performance index (PI(ABS)), despite improved leaf screening against UV-B with higher content of UV-B-absorbing compounds and a lower specific leaf area. EDU application counteracted the negative impact of UV-B on TR(o) /ABS, RC/ABS and PI(ABS) . This indicates that the mechanisms behind UV-B and ozone damage share some common features. The midday depression was present in all treatments, but TR(o) /ABS and PI(ABS) were persistently lower in near-ambient UV-B compared to UV-B reduction. The recovery phase was particularly impaired in near-ambient UV-B and interactive effects between treatment × hour raised TR(o) /ABS, RC/ABS and PI(ABS) higher in reduced UV-B compared to near-ambient UV-B. This demonstrates current solar UV-B to reduce the PSII performance both on a daily as well as a seasonal basis in this High Arctic species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar UV‐B effects on PSII performance in Betula nana are influenced by PAR level and reduced by EDU: results of a 3‐year experiment in the High Arctic

Mikkelsen¹,

Ro‐Poulsen

Arndal

et al. 2012

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Acclimation responses can protect photosynthesis processes against the effects of elevated UVB exposures (Rozema et al 2005); however, despite the existence of UVB protectors (e.g., the induction of UVB-absorbing compounds), UVB can reduce photosynthesis (Lingakumar and Kulandaivelu 2006), cause a shift in carbon allocation from shoots to roots (Albert et al 2008), and reduce plant growth (Milchunas et al 2004;Ren et al 2007). Generally, UVB radiation has a greater negative effect on DNA than on photosynthesis activity (Lud et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV radiation and water limitation on the volatile terpene emission rates, photosynthesis rates, and stomatal conductance in four Mediterranean species

et al. 2011

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This study examined the effects of the combination of UV radiation and water limitation on the leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and terpene emissions of four Mediterranean species. 1-year-old seedlings of these Mediterranean species [Daphne gnidium L., Pistacia lentiscus L., Ilex aquifolium L. and Laurus nobilis L.] were grown under one of three UV treatments (without UV, with UVA, or with UVA ? UVB) and two watering regimes (high and low water supply). In general, UV treatments did not affect significantly leaf photosynthesis or stomatal conductance, although UVA and UVB radiation in September led to a reduction in leaf stomatal conductance in D. gnidium. Leaf photosynthesis rates did not differ significantly between the two watering treatments, even though, in three of the species, leaf stomatal conductance was significantly higher among the well-watered plants. The effects of UV on terpene emissions were species-specific; D. gnidium had the highest terpene emission rates when grown under UVA ? UVB radiation, which was also true for L. nobilis in September. Overall, UV treatments did not have a significant effect on total terpene emission rates in I. aquifolium, but UVB and UVA in July and September, respectively, reduced emission rates in P. lentiscus. A limited water supply reduced the terpene emission rates in D. gnidium, increased emissions in L. nobilis, and did not affect the emission rates in the other two species.

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“…Thus, additional studies are needed to investigate the impact of climate on functional groups and identify additional factors for analysis that may support or contradict this hypothesis. Moreover, climatic factors such as humidity, temperature fluctuations, freeze-thaw cycles, and ultraviolet radiation have been reported to have a profound impact on soil microbial communities (Lipson, 2007;Albert et al, 2008;Bell et al, 2008;Zumsteg et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato cultivation and livestock effects on microorganism functional groups in soils from the neotropical high Andean Páramo

Avellaneda-Torres¹,

Sicard²,

Guerra‐Castro³

et al. 2020

Revista Brasileira De Ciência Do Solo

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Páramo ecosystems are of great importance because they are considered hotspots within the Tropical Andes. They are also very important for their role as producers and regulators of water processes in the Neotropic. However, the human occupation of the Colombian Páramos has generated conflict between environmental benefits and productive land uses, specifically the potato cultivation and livestock. To assess possible changes associated with potato cultivation (Solanum tuberosum L.) and livestock on the microbial communities of Páramo soils, the objective of this research was to evaluate the possible effects of potato cultivation and livestock farming on the soil microorganisms associated with different functional groups (nitrogen fixers, phosphate solubilizers and cellulolytic) in the Páramo of Nevados National Natural Park (Nevados NNP), Colombia. Samples were collected from soils under potato cultivation, livestock, and Páramo conservation areas over two climatic seasons (rainy and dry) in three farms at different elevations (3769, 3590, and 3432 m a.s.l.). The microorganisms were isolated using selective culture media for each functional group and identified using molecular markers; microbial diversity was analyzed using multivariate statistical tools. Changes were dependent on land use, elevation, and climate and were statistically significant in the rainy season on all three farms and one of the farms during the dry season. Similarly, the results indicated that climate has a greater impact on the evaluated microbial communities than land use does; the changes were significantly different between the soil under potato cultivation and in conserved Páramo sites at most of the evaluated locations and between soil subjected to livestock farming and Páramo in certain locations. However, the differences between potato cultivation and livestock farming were smaller. This study showed for the first time that the microbial structure (abundance and composition) of microorganism functional groups was different as a result of potato cultivation and livestock farming on Páramo soils, although these changes were dependent on farm elevation and climate.

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Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation at Zackenberg: The Impact on Higher Plants and Soil Microbial Communities

Cited by 8 publications

References 55 publications

Solar UV‐B effects on PSII performance in Betula nana are influenced by PAR level and reduced by EDU: results of a 3‐year experiment in the High Arctic

Solar UV‐B effects on PSII performance in Betula nana are influenced by PAR level and reduced by EDU: results of a 3‐year experiment in the High Arctic

Effects of UV radiation and water limitation on the volatile terpene emission rates, photosynthesis rates, and stomatal conductance in four Mediterranean species

Potato cultivation and livestock effects on microorganism functional groups in soils from the neotropical high Andean Páramo

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