Solar thermal collectors and applications

Kalogirou, Soteris A.

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2004.02.001

Cited by 2,390 publications

(886 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The receiver is made of a metallic absorber tube that is enclosed in a glass envelope. The space between the tube and the glass cover is evacuated to very low vacuum pressures to minimise receiver convection heat loss (Price et al, 2002, Kalogirou, 2004. The absorber tube is also selectively coated to give it a high absorptance for incoming radiation and low emittance for infrared radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of optical errors on the thermal and thermodynamic performance of a solar parabolic trough receiver

et al. 2016

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HIGHLIGHTS• Effect of optical errors on performance of a parabolic trough receiver is presented.• Actual heat flux profiles were obtained using Monte Carlo ray tracing and presented.• Thermal and thermodynamic analysis of the receiver is determined numerically.• Effect of optical errors on heat flux and temperature distribution is investigated.• Influence of optical errors on receiver entropy generation rates is presented. ABSTRACTThis paper presents results of an investigation covering the influence of optical errors on the thermal and thermodynamic performance of a solar parabolic trough system. The optical performance was evaluated by using Monte Carlo ray tracing for slope errors and specularity For the range of parameters considered, the intercept factor reduces by up to 21% while the overall thermal efficiency reduces by up to 17% as optical errors increase. Receiver thermodynamic performance is shown to deteriorate as slope errors increase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of optical errors on the thermal and thermodynamic performance of a solar parabolic trough receiver

et al. 2016

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“…solar thermal power, or for domestic applications [1][2][3][4]. One type of solar thermal collector is the flat-plate solar thermal collector usually used for water or air heating at low temperatures (< 150 °C) [5][6][7]. The key component of a flat plate solar thermal collector is the solar absorber surface, the properties of which strongly affect the efficiency of the solar thermal conversion system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in the synthesis of flat plate solar selective absorber materials via sol–gel methods: A review

Amri

Jiang

Pryor

et al. 2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

137

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“…The solar field's flow characteristics are modelled using a series of equations for the collector efficiency factor, F', collector flow factor, F'', and heat removal factor, F R , to determine the HTF mass flow rate, m sol , to achieve a desired exit temperature [47,48]. (29) where A r is the receiver's absorber area and C p is the specific heat capacity of the HTF.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of hybrid solar-biomass power plants in India

Nixon

Dey

Davies

2012

Energy

101

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We assess the feasibility of hybrid solar-biomass power plants for use in India in various applications including tri-generation, electricity generation and process heat. To cover this breadth of scenarios we analyse, with the help of simulation models, case studies with peak thermal capacities ranging from 2-10 MW. Evaluations are made against technical, financial and environmental criteria. Suitable solar multiples, based on the trade-offs among the various criteria, range from 1-2.5. Compared to conventional energy sources, levelised energy costs are high -but competitive in comparison to other renewables such as photovoltaic and wind. Long payback periods for hybrid plants mean that they cannot compete directly with biomass-only systems. However, a 1.2-3.2 times increase in feedstock price will result in hybrid systems becoming cost competitive. Furthermore, in comparison to biomass-only, hybrid operation saves up to 29% biomass and land with an 8.3-24.8 $/GJ/a and 1.8-5.2 ¢/kWh increase in cost per exergy loss and levelised energy cost. Hybrid plants will become an increasingly attractive option as the cost of solar thermal falls and feedstock, fossil fuel and land prices continue to rise. In the foreseeable future, solar will continue to rely on subsidies and it is recommended to subsidise preferentially tri-generation plants.Keywords: solar thermal; tri-generation; linear Fresnel reflector (LFR); energy policy; exergy. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 4 1. Introduction India receives a high level of Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI), 4-7 kWh/m 2 per day. Thus, there is a vast potential for decentralised solar energy applications using Concentrating Solar thermal Power (CSP). However, CSP technologies are currently expensive and the uptake in India has been slow. The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission was established in 2010 and outlined support for solar energy applications to encourage market penetration of gridconnected and decentralized off-grid applications, to provide energy services in India [1, 2]. One CSP technology of particular interest is the Linear Fresnel Reflector (LFR), due to its comparatively simple and inexpensive design. The LFR uses multiple rows of low profile mirrors to focus solar radiation onto a fixed target pipe to generate steam directly. Such Direct Steam Generation (DSG) is an alternative to the more commonly employed Heat Transfer Fluids (HTFs) -synthetic oil and molten salt -and has the potential to increase CSP plant efficiency and reduce costs [3]. However, thermal energy is difficult to store in DSG syste...

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Solar thermal collectors and applications

Cited by 2,390 publications

References 92 publications

Influence of optical errors on the thermal and thermodynamic performance of a solar parabolic trough receiver

Influence of optical errors on the thermal and thermodynamic performance of a solar parabolic trough receiver

Developments in the synthesis of flat plate solar selective absorber materials via sol–gel methods: A review

The feasibility of hybrid solar-biomass power plants in India

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