Solar Synthesis: Prospects in Visible Light Photocatalysis

Schultz, Danielle M.; Yoon, Tehshik P.

doi:10.1126/science.1239176

Cited by 2,171 publications

(1,067 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Inexhaustible solar energy is the most important sustainable resource, whose annual energy output for Earth is capable for satisfying mankind's yearly energy consumption with 5% UV, 43% visible, and 52% IR [9,10]. For today, many applications of solar energy have been proposed, such as photoelectrochemical reaction and various solar cells [5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], which are all indirect utilization depending on meticulous devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulations of silver halide nanostructure and composites on photocatalysis

Fan

Han

Song

et al. 2017

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

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The silver halides and their corresponding composites would constitute remarkable photocatalytic systems not only in energy production but also in environmental remediation. The major advantage in these silver halides system is that plasma metal Ag 0 species would be spontaneously generated by silver halides under light irradiation, which play dual roles of expanding light absorption range and charge carriers separation. In this tutorial review, the origin and development of silver halides, synthesis methods, construction of composite structures with other materials, photocatalytic applications, and various and controversial mechanisms are all exhaustively described.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulations of silver halide nanostructure and composites on photocatalysis

Fan

Han

Song

et al. 2017

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

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“…3 While the design of heterogeneous photocatalysts has focused largely on semiconducting light absorbers, 4,5 it has recently been demonstrated that metallic nanostructures offer unique characteristics for facilitating photocatalytic reactions. [6][7][8][9] Strong light absorption through the excitation of localized surface plasmons on plasmonic metal nanostructures 10 comprised of Au, [11][12][13] Ag, [14][15][16] Cu, 17 or Al, 18 has been shown to drive photocatalytic processes through the excitation and transient transfer of energetic, or hot, carriers to adsorbates.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing Near-Field Enhancement, Absorption, and Scattering for Effective Antenna–Reactor Plasmonic Photocatalysis

Li¹,

Hogan²,

et al. 2017

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Efficient photocatalysis requires multifunctional materials that absorb photons and generate energetic charge carriers at catalytic active sites to facilitate a desired chemical reaction.Antenna-reactor complexes are an emerging multifunctional photocatalytic structure where the strong, localized near field of the plasmonic metal nanoparticle (e.g. Ag) is coupled to the catalytic properties of the non-plasmonic metal nanoparticle (e.g. Pt) to enable chemical transformations. With an eye towards sustainable solar driven photocatalysis we investigate how the structure of antenna-reactor complexes governs their photocatalytic activity in the light- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 where the plasmonic nanoparticle is the antenna and the catalytic particle, which can be interchanged based on desired reactivity, is the reactor. In an antenna-reactor complex, the local field induced by the photoexcited antenna particle drives a "forced" plasmon in the nonplasmonic, catalytic nanoparticle: this forced plasmon can serve as a direct source of hot carriers in the catalytic particle to drive chemical processes without the need for charge transfer between the antenna and the reactor components of the nanocomplex. In the initial demonstrations of antenna-reactor coupling, however, the optimal geometric configuration of the constituent materials to maximize photocatalytic performance was not addressed. Furthermore, while it is relatively straightforward to conclude that localizing a plasmonic particle near a non-plasmonic catalytic particle will enhance light absorption in the non-plasmonic particle, it is not clear how this translates to enhanced photocatalysis in the light-limited regime, where all photons must be utilized in a 3-D packed bed of catalytic particles. Optimizing photocatalytic complexes for highest efficiency photon management in the light-limited regime is of critical importance for further development of this approach.In the work reported here, a series of antenna-reactor complexes consisting of core@shell/satellite (Ag@SiO 2 /Pt) heterostructures with varying Ag core diameter (12,25,50 and 100 nm) were synthesized and their photocatalytic properties for the kinetically well-defined CO oxidation reaction were quantitatively compared. Rigorous quantum yield measurements in the light-limited regime demonstrate that for heterostructures with Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in an intermediate size range of 25 and 50 nm diameter, plasmon-enhanced photocatalytic performance was observed at rates more than four times larger than for either smaller (12 nm diameter) or larger (100 nm diameter) Ag particles. Using optical and Monte Carlo simulations, it was shown that if the Ag NPs were too large, the heterostructures scattered light out of the catalyst bed, reducing photocatalytic reactivity. If the Ag NPs were too small, l...

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“…From the results of our work, it is clearly demonstrated that organo-photoredox catalyst-such as fac-Ir(ppy) 3 -can facilitate the energy transfer from visible light to the cinnamates system for the activation of the double bond. A plausible pathway was thus proposed, based on the literature precedents [18,30] and experimental data (Scheme 3). Absorbing a photon, the photocatalyst PC(S 0 ) in its singlet ground state is excited to the first singlet excited state *PC(S 1 ), which relaxes to the lowest energy triplet excited state *PC(T 1 ) via successive fast intersystem crossing (ISC) (spin-orbital coupling) and internal conversion (vibrational relaxation).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible-Light Photocatalytic E to Z Isomerization of Activated Olefins and Its Application for the Syntheses of Coumarins

Zhan

2017

Catalysts

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Photocatalytic isomerization of thermodynamically stable E-alkene to less stable Z-alkene has been the subject of numerous studies, being successfully achieved mainly under UV irradiation. Recent development of visible light photoredox catalysis has witnessed it emerging as a powerful tool for the access of new structural complexity and many challenging targets. Herein, we report a visible light-promoted E to Z isomerization of cinnamates. When E-isomer of cinnamates was irradiated with blue light in the presence of an organo-photocatalyst, fac-Ir(ppy) 3 , Z-isomer was exclusively obtained in high yields and with good selectivity. The mild, convenient reaction condition has made this protocol an effective synthetic methodology, which was subsequently implemented in an efficient synthesis of coumarins.

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Solar Synthesis: Prospects in Visible Light Photocatalysis

Cited by 2,171 publications

References 79 publications

Regulations of silver halide nanostructure and composites on photocatalysis

Regulations of silver halide nanostructure and composites on photocatalysis

Balancing Near-Field Enhancement, Absorption, and Scattering for Effective Antenna–Reactor Plasmonic Photocatalysis

Visible-Light Photocatalytic E to Z Isomerization of Activated Olefins and Its Application for the Syntheses of Coumarins

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