Solar radiation glazing factors for window panes, glass structures and electrochromic windows in buildings—Measurement and calculation

Abstract

Window panes, glass structures and electrochromic windows in buildings may be characterized by a number of solar radiation glazing factors, i.e. ultraviolet solar transmittance, visible solar transmittance, solar transmittance, solar material protection factor, solar skin protection factor, external visible solar reflectance, internal visible solar reflectance, solar reflectance, solar absorbance, emissivity, solar factor and colour rendering factor. Comparison of these solar quantities for different glass fabrications enables one to evaluate and thus select the most appropriate glass material or system for the specific buildings and applications. Measurements and calculations were carried out on various glass materials, including three electrochromic window devices, and several two-layer and three-layer window pane configurations.

Building Integrated Photovoltaics: A Concise Description of the Current State of the Art and Possible Research Pathways

“…For additional information on windows and glazing technologies, see e.g., the studies by Baetens et al [102] for smart windows, Bellia et al [129] for solar shading systems, Cuce and Riffat [130] for innovative glazing technologies, Gao et al [131,132] and Ihara et al [133][134][135] for aerogel-related glazing aspects, Grynning et al [136] for windows as energy losers or energy gainers, Gustavsen et al [137] for key elements and materials performance targets for highly insulating window frames, Hee et al [138] for daylighting and energy savings in buildings, Jelle [139,140] for solar radiation glazing factor factors and electrochromics, and Jelle et al [7,141] for fenestration of today and tomorrow and solar protection factors.…”

“…Combinations of PV with smart window technologies like e.g., electrochromics [7,57,[101][102][103][139][140][141] may also be envisioned [57,101,[103][104][105].…”

Optimization of Energy Performance of Windows by Applying Self-Adjustable Shadings

“…This is potentially useful in managing the admission of daylight into buildings, since they can be darkened when too much of it causes glare and be made lighter when more is needed to illuminate the interior space. With hourly blind position adjustments, electrochromics showes significantly higher (62% and 53%, respectively without and with overhang) lighting energy consumption than clear glass [10][11][12].…”

Spectrophotometric evaluation of optical performances of polarizing technologies for smart window applications

“…Among recent publications, the paper by Jelle [1] reports a comprehensive comparison of thermo-optical performances of several smart windows technologies, as well as a deep reference section. The report by Lee et al [2] focuses on an experimental and numerical evaluation of the reduction of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) power consumption given by the use of TC and EC smart windows in a test building, showing promising results in the case of EC windows, also studied by Sbar [3].…”