Solar proton events and their effect on space systems

Tranquille, C.

doi:10.1016/0969-806x(94)90200-3

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition, the life of astronauts in space could be endangered due to high radiation exposure connected to SEPs. For example, if an Apollo mission had flown during the SEP event of August 1972, the amount of radiation experienced by the astronauts would have led to severe, possibly even lethal, consequences 2 . The Apollo missions flew in April and December of the same year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmogenic radionuclides reveal an extreme solar particle storm near a solar minimum 9125 years BP

et al. 2022

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During solar storms, the Sun expels large amounts of energetic particles (SEP) that can react with the Earth’s atmospheric constituents and produce cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14C, 10Be and 36Cl. Here we present 10Be and 36Cl data measured in ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica. The data consistently show one of the largest 10Be and 36Cl production peaks detected so far, most likely produced by an extreme SEP event that hit Earth 9125 years BP (before present, i.e., before 1950 CE), i.e., 7176 BCE. Using the 36Cl/10Be ratio, we demonstrate that this event was characterized by a very hard energy spectrum and was possibly up to two orders of magnitude larger than any SEP event during the instrumental period. Furthermore, we provide 10Be-based evidence that, contrary to expectations, the SEP event occurred near a solar minimum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmogenic radionuclides reveal an extreme solar particle storm near a solar minimum 9125 years BP

et al. 2022

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“…Figure 7 shows the variation of GCR protons measured by the HEPD-01 instrument, directly from space, across the storm and post-storm of May 2021. The 12-hr-averaged galactic protons intensity variation as a function of time has been studied in the >150 MeV energy range (red points in the top panel), selecting only particles at the very polar sectors of the CSES-01 orbit, where the geomagnetic cutoff is low enough to allow, in the absence of strong proton events (e.g., Piersanti et al, 2017;Tranquille, 1994), for galactic proton detection. The applied selection criteria were the same described in Bartocci et al (2020).…”

Section: Ionospherementioning

confidence: 99%

On the Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere Coupling During the May 2021 Geomagnetic Storm

et al. 2022

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“…Solar Proton Events (SPEs) are very large particle events with large fluxes of high-energy particles reaching the Earth (see Tranquille, 1994). SPEs are normally associated with eruptive prominences, large solar flares and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) (Baker, 2000).…”

Section: Solar Proton Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%