Solar-Powered Carbon Fixation for Food and Feed Production Using Microorganisms—A Comparative Techno-Economic Analysis

Nappa, Marja; Lienemann, Michael; Tossi, Camilla; Blomberg, Peter; Jäntti, Jussi; Tittonen, Ilkka; Penttilä, Merja

doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c04926

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To meet the calorie needs of astronauts in future Long-duration Exploration Missions (LDEMs), where re-supply will be extremely challenging, novel in-flight food production systems may serve to reduce the mass and volume of food that must be launched and stored with the crew. Technologies that could be the basis of such systems include the direct culture of animal cells (‘cultivated’ or ‘cultured’ meat) 29 , the use of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, and the cultivation of microalgae 30 . Protein is the major output of such systems and, given that the protein requirement for female and male astronauts is currently 0.8-g·kg −1 body mass 31 , a ‘smaller’ crew would, therefore, reduce system requirements (to meet daily protein need) and system resources (to meet the total mission protein requirement).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of body size and countermeasure exercise on estimates of life support resources during all-female crewed exploration missions

Scott

Green

Weerts

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Employing a methodology reported in a recent theoretical study on male astronauts, this study estimated the effects of body size and aerobic countermeasure (CM) exercise in a four-person, all-female crew composed of individuals drawn from a stature range (1.50- to 1.90-m) representative of current space agency requirements (which exist for stature, but not for body mass) upon total energy expenditure (TEE), oxygen (O2) consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) and metabolic heat (Hprod) production, and water requirements for hydration, during space exploration missions. Assuming geometric similarity across the stature range, estimates were derived using available female astronaut data (mean age: 40-years; BMI: 22.7-kg·m−2; resting VO2 and VO2max: 3.3- and 40.5-mL·kg−1·min−1) on 30- and 1080-day missions, without and with, ISS-like countermeasure exercise (modelled as 2 × 30-min aerobic exercise at 75% VO2max, 6-day·week−1). Where spaceflight-specific data/equations were not available, terrestrial equivalents were used. Body size alone increased 24-h TEE (+ 30%), O2 consumption (+ 60%), CO2 (+ 60%) and Hprod (+ 60%) production, and water requirements (+ 17%). With CM exercise, the increases were + 25–31%, + 29%, + 32%, + 38% and + 17–25% across the stature range. Compared to the previous study of theoretical male astronauts, the effect of body size on TEE was markedly less in females, and, at equivalent statures, all parameter estimates were lower for females, with relative differences ranging from -5% to -29%. When compared at the 50th percentile for stature for US females and males, these differences increased to − 11% to − 41% and translated to larger reductions in TEE, O2 and water requirements, and less CO2 and Hprod during 1080-day missions using CM exercise. Differences between female and male theoretical astronauts result from lower resting and exercising O2 requirements (based on available astronaut data) of female astronauts, who are lighter than male astronauts at equivalent statures and have lower relative VO2max values. These data, combined with the current move towards smaller diameter space habitat modules, point to a number of potential advantages of all-female crews during future human space exploration missions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of body size and countermeasure exercise on estimates of life support resources during all-female crewed exploration missions

Scott

Green

Weerts

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The required nutrient supply to the fermentor can be approximated by the growth stoichiometry of C. necator, represented as ,, 4.09 normalC normalO 2 + 0.76 normalN normalH 3 + 21.36 H 2 + 6.21 O 2 → C 4.09 H 7.13 O 1.89 N 0.76 + 18.70 H 2 normalO …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Moreover, other examples in the literature that report economic parameters for SCP as food or feed do not consider other competitors in the market. 16,17 In contrast, the techno-economic analysis reported herein studies the economic viability of SCP as an animal feed protein supplement to replace fishmeal or soybean meal in the current market. Specifically, the study evaluates SCP production via gas fermentation using carbon dioxide captured from corn ethanol production and hydrogen produced via water electrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several studies have explored the potential of SCP to reduce the emissions and land footprint of livestock production, there is limited quantitative literature available on the economic viability of SCP production on an industrial scale. ,,,− One such study reports the economics of SCP production on a large scale, but the analysis is limited to scenarios of world food supply disasters in which monetary, land, and material resources are maximally deployed to prevent the extinction of civilization . Moreover, other examples in the literature that report economic parameters for SCP as food or feed do not consider other competitors in the market. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,21 Lower manufacturing costs, longer lifetimes, and more widespread commercial availability make alkaline electrolysis preferential to polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis, despite PEM's smaller footprint and lower operating temperatures. nutrient supply to the fermentor can be approximated by the growth stoichiometry of C. necator, represented as16,17,22 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Techno-Economic Analysis of Gas Fermentation for the Production of Single Cell Protein

Jean,

Brown

2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite the large carbon footprint of livestock production, animal protein consumption has grown over the past several decades, necessitating new approaches to sustainable animal protein production. In this techno-economic analysis, single cell protein (SCP) produced via gas fermentation of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and hydrogen is studied as an animal feed source to replace fishmeal or soybean meal. Using wind-powered water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and oxygen with carbon dioxide captured from corn ethanol, the minimum selling price (MSP) of SCP is determined to be $2070 per metric ton. An emissions comparison between SCP, fishmeal, and soybean meal shows that SCP has a carbon intensity as low as 0.73 kg CO 2 -equiv/kg protein, while fishmeal and soybean meal have an average carbon intensity of 2.72 kg CO 2 -equiv/kg protein and 0.85 kg CO 2 -equiv/kg protein, respectively. Moreover, SCP production would occupy 0.4% of the land per ton of protein produced compared to soybean meal and would disturb less than 0.1% of the marine ecosystem currently disturbed by fishmeal harvesting practices. These results show promise for the future economic viability of SCP as a protein source in animal feed and indicate significant environmental benefits compared to other animal feed protein sources.

show abstract

Meta-analysis of climate impact reduction potential of hydrogen usage in 9 Power-to-X pathways

Sillman,

Havukainen,

Alfasfos

et al. 2024

Applied Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solar-Powered Carbon Fixation for Food and Feed Production Using Microorganisms—A Comparative Techno-Economic Analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of body size and countermeasure exercise on estimates of life support resources during all-female crewed exploration missions

Effects of body size and countermeasure exercise on estimates of life support resources during all-female crewed exploration missions

Techno-Economic Analysis of Gas Fermentation for the Production of Single Cell Protein

Meta-analysis of climate impact reduction potential of hydrogen usage in 9 Power-to-X pathways

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About