Solar occultation satellite data and derived meteorological products: Sampling issues and comparisons with Aura Microwave Limb Sounder

Manney, G. L.; Daffer, W. H.; Zawodny, J. M.; Bernath, P. F.; Hoppel, K. W.; Walker, Kaley A.; Knosp, B.; Boone, C. D.; Remsberg, Ellis E.; Santee, M. L.; Harvey, V. Lynn; Pawson, Steven; Jackson, D. R.; Deaver, Lance E.; McElroy, C. T.; McLinden, Chris A.; Drummond, J. R.; Pumphrey, Hugh C.; Lambert, A.; Schwartz, M.; Froidevaux, L.; McLeod, Sean D.; Takacs, Lawrence L.; Suárez, Max J.; Trepte, Charles R.; Cuddy, David C.; Livesey, N. J.; Harwood, R. S.; Waters, J. W.

doi:10.1029/2007jd008709

Cited by 176 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…This corresponds to less than 10 % at the lower end of the profile and up to 15 % around 20 km. Velazco et al (2011) found similar differences in their comparisons of ACE-FTS and MkIV, which are based on noncoincident validation using a potential vorticity/potential temperature (PV/Theta) coordinate system (Manney et al, 2007). They also find largest deviations of the profiles around or slightly below 20 km, with maximum differences of up to ∼ 18 % and minimum differences of the order of ∼ 5 % around 17 km.…”

Section: Results Cfc-11: Mark IVmentioning

confidence: 76%

MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl₃F) and CFC-12 (CCl₂F₂) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability

et al. 2016

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) and were used to validate MIPAS CFC-11 and CFC-12 products during that time, as well as profiles from the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer, ILAS-II. In general, we find that MIPAS shows slightly higher values for CFC-11 at the lower end of the profiles (below ∼ 15 km) and in a comparison of HATS ground-based data and MIPAS measurements at 3 km below the tropopause. Differences range from approximately 10 to 50 pptv (∼ 5-20 %) during the RR period. In general, differences are slightly smaller for the FR period. An indication of a slight high bias at the lower end of the profile exists for CFC-12 as well, but this bias is far less pronounced than for CFC-11 and is not as obvious in the relative differences between MIPAS and any of the comparison instruments. Differences at the lower end of the profile (below ∼ 15 km) and in the comparison of HATS and MIPAS measurements taken at 3 km below the tropopause mainly stay within 10-50 pptv (corresponding to ∼ 2-10 % for CFCPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 3356 E. Eckert et al.: MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 and CFC-12: accuracy, precision and long-term stability 12) for the RR and the FR period. Between ∼ 15 and 30 km, most comparisons agree within 10-20 pptv (10-20 %), apart from ILAS-II, which shows large differences above ∼ 17 km. Overall, relative differences are usually smaller for CFC-12 than for CFC-11. For both species -CFC-11 and CFC-12 -we find that differences at the lower end of the profile tend to be larger at higher latitudes than in tropical and subtropical regions. In addition, MIPAS profiles have a maximum in their mixing ratio around the tropopause, which is most obvious in tropical mean profiles. Comparisons of the standard deviation in a quiescent atmosphere (polar summer) show that only the CFC-12 FR error budget can fully explain the observed variability, while for the other products (CFC-11 FR and RR and CFC-12 RR) only two-thirds to three-quarters can be explained. Investigations regarding the temporal stability show very small negative drifts in MIPAS CFC-11 measurements. These instrument drifts vary between ∼ 1 and 3 % decade −1 . For CFC-12, the drifts are also negative and close to zero up to ∼ 30 km. Above that altitude, larger drifts of up to ∼ 50 % decade −1 appear which are negative up to ∼ 35 km and positive, but of a similar magnitude, above.

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Section: Results Cfc-11: Mark IVmentioning

confidence: 76%

MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl₃F) and CFC-12 (CCl₂F₂) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability

et al. 2016

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“…An sPV value of 1.4 × 10 −4 s −1 , or nearby values, have been used extensively in previous works (e.g. Manney et al, 1994aManney et al, , 2007Manney et al, , 2011Jin et al, 2006) to define the vortex edge centre. Values of 1.6 and 1.2 × 10 −4 s −1 have been used in the cited works to define the inner and outer edges, respectively, and the same values are used here.…”

Section: Coincidence Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The location of a measurement with respect to the polar vortex was determined using scaled potential vorticity (sPV) values (Manney et al, 2007). For the ground-based instruments the values were calculated geometrically along the instrument's line of sight.…”

Section: Coincidence Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone profiles above Kiruna from two ground-based radiometers

et al. 2016

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Abstract. This paper presents new atmospheric ozone concentration profiles retrieved from measurements made with two ground-based millimetre-wave radiometers in Kiruna, Sweden. The instruments are the Kiruna Microwave Radiometer (KIMRA) and the Millimeter wave Radiometer 2 (MIRA 2). The ozone concentration profiles are retrieved using an optimal estimation inversion technique, and they cover an altitude range of ∼ 16-54 km, with an altitude resolution of, at best, 8 km. The KIMRA and MIRA 2 measurements are compared to each other, to measurements from balloon-borne ozonesonde measurements at Sodankylä, Finland, and to measurements made by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) aboard the Aura satellite. KIMRA has a correlation of 0.82, but shows a low bias, with respect to the ozonesonde data, and MIRA 2 shows a smaller magnitude low bias and a 0.98 correlation coefficient. Both radiometers are in general agreement with each other and with MLS data, showing high correlation coefficients, but there are differences between measurements that are not explained by random errors. An oscillatory bias with a peak of approximately ± 1 ppmv is identified in the KIMRA ozone profiles over an altitude range of ∼ 18-35 km, and is believed to be due to baseline wave features that are present in the spectra. A time series analysis of KIMRA ozone for winters [2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] shows the existence of a local wintertime minimum in the ozone profile above Kiruna. The measurements have been ongoing at Kiruna since 2002 and late 2012 for KIMRA and MIRA 2, respectively.

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“…enclosing the same area as a given PV contour); if the maximum gradient occurs at an equivalent latitude poleward of ±80 • , we consider the vortex to be undefined and set the maximum gradient equal to zero. To calculate the area of the polar vortex, we use the 1.4 × 10 −4 s −1 sPV contour as a simple proxy for the vortex edge (e.g., Manney et al, 2007). The total area of the vortex is then the area of the contour.…”

Section: Temperature and Vortex Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of polar processing diagnostics from 34 years of the ERA-Interim and MERRA reanalyses

et al. 2015

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Abstract. We present a comprehensive comparison of polar processing diagnostics derived from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Interim Reanalysis (ERAInterim). We use diagnostics that focus on meteorological conditions related to stratospheric chemical ozone loss based on temperatures, polar vortex dynamics, and air parcel trajectories to evaluate the effects these reanalyses might have on polar processing studies. Our results show that the agreement between MERRA and ERA-Interim changes significantly over the 34 years from 1979 to 2013 in both hemispheres and in many cases improves. By comparing our diagnostics during five time periods when an increasing number of higher-quality observations were brought into these reanalyses, we show how changes in the data assimilation systems (DAS) of MERRA and ERA-Interim affected their meteorological data. Many of our stratospheric temperature diagnostics show a convergence toward significantly better agreement, in both hemispheres, after 2001 when Aqua and GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) radiances were introduced into the DAS. Other diagnostics, such as the winter mean volume of air with temperatures below polar stratospheric cloud formation thresholds (V PSC ) and some diagnostics of polar vortex size and strength, do not show improved agreement between the two reanalyses in recent years when data inputs into the DAS were more comprehensive. The polar processing diagnostics calculated from MERRA and ERA-Interim agree much better than those calculated from earlier reanalysis data sets. We still, however, see fairly large differences in many of the diagnostics in years prior to 2002, raising the possibility that the choice of one reanalysis over another could significantly influence the results of polar processing studies. After 2002, we see overall good agreement among the diagnostics, which demonstrates that the ERA-Interim and MERRA reanalyses are equally appropriate choices for polar processing studies of recent Arctic and Antarctic winters.

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Solar occultation satellite data and derived meteorological products: Sampling issues and comparisons with Aura Microwave Limb Sounder

Cited by 176 publications

References 109 publications

MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl₃F) and CFC-12 (CCl₂F₂) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability

MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl₃F) and CFC-12 (CCl₂F₂) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability

Ozone profiles above Kiruna from two ground-based radiometers

Comparisons of polar processing diagnostics from 34 years of the ERA-Interim and MERRA reanalyses

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Solar occultation satellite data and derived meteorological products: Sampling issues and comparisons with Aura Microwave Limb Sounder

Cited by 176 publications

References 109 publications

MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl3F) and CFC-12 (CCl2F2) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability

MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl3F) and CFC-12 (CCl2F2) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability

Ozone profiles above Kiruna from two ground-based radiometers

Comparisons of polar processing diagnostics from 34 years of the ERA-Interim and MERRA reanalyses

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MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl₃F) and CFC-12 (CCl₂F₂) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability

MIPAS IMK/IAA CFC-11 (CCl₃F) and CFC-12 (CCl₂F₂) measurements: accuracy, precision and long-term stability